ArticleBrain sciences2021
Brain Plasticity Mechanisms Underlying Motor Control Reorganization: Pilot Longitudinal Study on Post-Stroke Subjects.
Article in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Can motion capture improve task-based fMRI studies of motor function post-stroke? A systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Synergy-based Functional Electrical Stimulation for gait rehabilitation in chronic stroke: a pilot study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Trial
- Short-Term Facility-Based Functional Electrical Stimulation for Chronic Post-Stroke Foot Drop: A Pilot Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A multifaceted hybrid ES-robotic device for gait training in individuals with neurological disorders.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Post-stroke changes in brain structure and function can both influence acute upper limb function and subsequent recovery.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2025Article
- Guest Editorial Special Section on Functional Recovery and Brain Plasticity.IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Effects of transcranial combined with peripheral repetitive magnetic stimulation on limb spasticity and resting-state brain activity in stroke patients.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Altered Effective Connectivity of the Primary Motor Cortex in Transient Ischemic Attack.Neural plasticity · 2022Article
- Review on Patient-Cooperative Control Strategies for Upper-Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeletons.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2021Review
- Robotic Exoskeleton Gait Training in Stroke: An Electromyography-Based Evaluation.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2021Article
- Causal mechanisms of individual differences in hemispheric lateralization of the face perception network: A DCM-PEB approach.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) has demonstrated to improve walking ability and to induce the carryover effect, long-lasting persisting improvement. Functional magnetic resonance imaging has been used to investigate effective connectivity differences and longitudinal changes in a group of chronic stroke patients that attended a FES-based rehabilitation program for foot-drop correction, distinguishing between carryover effect responders and non-responders, and in comparison with a healthy control group. Bayesian hierarchical procedures were employed, involving nonlinear models at within-subject level-dynamic causal models-and linear models at between-subjects level. Selected regions of interest were primary sensorimotor cortices (M1, S1), supplementary motor area (SMA), and angular gyrus. Our results suggest the following: (i) The ability to correctly plan the movement and integrate proprioception information might be the features to update the motor control loop, towards the carryover effect, as indicated by the reduced sensitivity to proprioception input to S1 of FES non-responders; (ii) FES-related neural plasticity supports the active inference account for motor control, as indicated by the modulation of SMA and M1 connections to S1 area; (iii) SMA has a dual role of higher order motor processing unit responsible for complex movements, and a superintendence role in suppressing standard motor plans as external conditions changes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.