ReviewCancers2021
Parking CAR T Cells in Tumours: Oncolytic Viruses as Valets or Vandals?
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanisms, optimization strategies, and salvage options for CAR-T cell therapy.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Enhanced solid tumor cell targeting by a neoepitope-encoding oncolytic measles virus combined with CAR therapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Advancing CAR-based cell therapies for solid tumours: challenges, therapeutic strategies, and perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Research progress on the cross-regulation between ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death in tumor micro-environment.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Alliance between titans: combination strategies of CAR-T cell therapy and oncolytic virus for the treatment of hematological malignancies.Annals of hematology · 2024Review
- An Update on the Clinical Status, Challenges, and Future Directions of Oncolytic Virotherapy for Malignant Gliomas.Current treatment options in oncology · 2024Review
- Combination therapy with oncolytic virus and T cells or mRNA vaccine amplifies antitumor effects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- OV Modulators of the Paediatric Brain TIME: Current Status, Combination Strategies, Limitations and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cucurbitacin IIa promotes the immunogenic cell death‑inducing effect of doxorubicin and modulates immune microenvironment in liver cancer.International journal of oncology · 2024Article
- Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: Unleashing the Power of Combining Oncolytic Viruses with CAR-T Cells.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Oncolytic virus and CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Current Status and Challenges of Oncolytic Virotherapy for the Treatment of Glioblastoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- DIALing-up the preclinical characterization of gene-modified adoptive cellular immunotherapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Oncolytic viral vectors in the era of diversified cancer therapy: from preclinical to clinical.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2022Review
- Mitochondria dysfunction in CD8+ T cells as an important contributing factor for cancer development and a potential target for cancer treatment: a review.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Review
- Biological causes of immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD) and anti-tumor therapy; Combination of Oncolytic virus-based immunotherapy and CAR T-cell therapy for ICD induction.Cancer cell international · 2022Review
- Current clinical landscape of oncolytic viruses as novel cancer immunotherapeutic and recent preclinical advancements.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Efficacy of Oncolytic Viruses in Fighting Cancer: Recent Advances and Perspective.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
- Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) and adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) each possess direct tumour cytolytic capabilities, and their combination potentially seems like a match made in heaven to complement the strengths and weakness of each modality. While providing strong innate immune stimulation that can mobilize adaptive responses, the magnitude of anti-tumour T cell priming induced by OVs is often modest. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cells bypass conventional T cell education through introduction of a synthetic receptor; however, realization of their full therapeutic properties can be stunted by the heavily immune-suppressive nature of the tumour microenvironment (TME). Oncolytic viruses have thus been seen as a natural ally to overcome immunosuppressive mechanisms in the TME which limit CAR T cell infiltration and functionality. Engineering has further endowed viruses with the ability to express transgenes in situ to relieve T cell tumour-intrinsic resistance mechanisms and decorate the tumour with antigen to overcome antigen heterogeneity or loss. Despite this helpful remodeling of the tumour microenvironment, it has simultaneously become clear that not all virus induced effects are favourable for CAR T, begging the question whether viruses act as valets ushering CAR T into their active site, or vandals which cause chaos leading to both tumour and T cell death. Herein, we summarize recent studies combining these two therapeutic modalities and seek to place them within the broader context of viral T cell immunology which will help to overcome the current limitations of effective CAR T therapy to make the most of combinatorial strategies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.