ReviewCells2021
The Effects of Warfarin and Direct Oral Anticoagulants on Systemic Vascular Calcification: A Review.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting calciphylaxis: the emergence of vitamin K as a potential treatment.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Surgical management of warfarin-associated spontaneous bilateral subdural hematoma in a mechanical heart valve patient: a rare case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Association Between DOAC Exposure and Lower-Extremity Arterial Calcification: A Propensity-Matched Exploratory CT Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- A different alternative to warfarin?Blood advances · 2026Article
- Anticoagulants beyond coagulation: a narrative review of cardiovascular effects.Cardiovascular research · 2026Review
- Molecular Insights into Leech-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Biochemical Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Warfarin-GPRP: Development and Evaluation of a Novel Warfarin-Based Peptide Conjugate for Enhanced Anticoagulant Activity.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Impact of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids on Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From Optical Coherence Tomography.JACC. Case reports · 2025Article
- The Inflammatory Link of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Thrombosis: Pathogenic Molecular Circuits and Treatment Approaches.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Hip joint-preserving strategies for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head: From nonoperative to operative procedures.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2025Review
- Revealing the mechanisms of warfarin-induced vascular calcification through metabolomics and network toxicology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Construction and validation of a prediction model for complications of femoral artery access.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- In-vitro and in-silico analyses of the thrombolytic potential of green kiwifruit.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Calcification and Experimental Models: Impact of Vitamin K Antagonists.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Effectiveness and safety of apixaban and rivaroxabanWorld journal of nephrology · 2023Article
- Review
- The association between warfarin usage and international normalized ratio increase: systematic analysis of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).The journal of cardiovascular aging · 2023Article
- Calciphylaxis and its co-occurrence with connective tissue diseases.International wound journal · 2023Review
- Coumarin-Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Narrative Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Warfarin has been utilized for decades as an effective anticoagulant in patients with a history of strong risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Established adverse effects include bleeding, skin necrosis, teratogenicity during pregnancy, cholesterol embolization, and nephropathy. One of the lesser-known long-term side effects of warfarin is an increase in systemic arterial calcification. This is significant due to the association between vascular calcification and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have gained prominence in recent years, as they require less frequent monitoring and have a superior side effect profile to warfarin, specifically in relation to major bleeding. The cost and lack of data for DOACs in some disease processes have precluded universal use. Within the last four years, retrospective cohort studies, observational studies, and randomized trials have shown, through different imaging modalities, that multiple DOACs are associated with slower progression of vascular calcification than warfarin. This review highlights the pathophysiology and mechanisms behind vascular calcification due to warfarin and compares the effect of warfarin and DOACs on systemic vasculature.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.