ArticleToxins2021
Optical Method and Biochemical Source for the Assessment of the Middle-Molecule Uremic Toxin β2-Microglobulin in Spent Dialysate.
Article in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of ES-DMA-CPC for Comprehensive Molecular Profiling in Hemodialysis: A Focus on β2-Microglobulin.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Intradialytic optical assessment of C-mannosyl tryptophan removal using spent dialysate.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease: role of brain imaging, functional imaging, electroencephalography, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and sensors.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Review
- Review
- Portable, wearable and implantable artificial kidney systems: needs, opportunities and challenges.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023Review
- Time-averaged concentration estimation of uraemic toxins with different removal kinetics: a novel approach based on intradialytic spent dialysate measurements.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Optical monitoring of spent dialysate has been used to estimate the removal of water-soluble low molecular weight as well as protein-bound uremic toxins from the blood of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. The aim of this work was to develop an optical method to estimate the removal of β2-microglobulin (β2M), a marker of middle molecule (MM) uremic toxins, during hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence spectra of dialysate samples were recorded from 88 dialysis sessions of 22 ESKD patients, receiving four different settings of dialysis treatments. Stepwise regression was used to obtain the best model for the assessment of β2M concentration in the spent dialysate. The correlation coefficient 0.958 and an accuracy of 0.000 ± 0.304 mg/L was achieved between laboratory and optically estimated β2M concentrations in spent dialysate for the entire cohort. Optically and laboratory estimated reduction ratio (RR) and total removed solute (TRS) of β2M were not statistically different (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.