ReviewVaccines2021
Pruritus as a Distinctive Feature of Type 2 Inflammation.
Review in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and dupilumab for atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and expert consensus.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Anti-IL-4Rα Stapokibart in Elderly Patients With Moderate-To-Severe Atopic Dermatitis.International journal of dermatology · 2026Trial
- Low Infection Rates With Long-Term Dupilumab Treatment in Patients Aged 6 Months to 5 Years: An Open-Label Extension Study.Pediatric dermatologyTrial
- Immunopathogenesis of itch: an integrative framework for chronic pruritus.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Review
- Shared Mechanistic Pathways in Bullous Pemphigoid, Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria, Prurigo Nodularis, and Chronic Prurigo of Unknown Origin: Implications for Targeted Therapies.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- Rewiring Atopic Dermatitis: Alarmin Cytokines at the Core of Barrier-Immune-Neuro-Microbiome Networks.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Sex- and Gender-Related Differences in Pruritus in Dermatological Diseases: Insights into Inflammatory, Autoimmune, and Connective Tissue Disorders.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Prevalence of allergic diseases and evaluation of total IgE and blood eosinophils as diagnostic biomarkers in Colombia, a tropical country.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2026Article
- Analysis of Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.Iranian journal of biotechnology · 2026Article
- The State of the Art in Chronic Prurigo Nodularis.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of pruritus and advances in traditional Chinese medicine therapy (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Prolonged Post-Scabietic Pruritus: Clinical Characteristics and Unmet Management Needs in a Real-World Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Dupilumab Reduces Pruritus in Clinically Distinct Dermatologic Diseases: Data from Clinical Trials on Atopic Dermatitis, Prurigo Nodularis, and Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Cross-Talk between Neurons and Immune Cells in Pruritus: from Mechanisms To Medicines.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome with eosinophilia mimicking hypereosinophilic syndromes with disseminated intravascular coagulation: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Analysis of correlated factors of skin pruritus in type 2 diabetes mellitus.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Observational
- Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels as Fundamental Regulators of Fibrosis and Pruritus-A New Therapeutic Target for Pathological Scar Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Targeting type 2 inflammation in dermatology: mechanisms and clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Prurigo Nodularis and the Pain Cascade: Understanding the Pathogenesis and Approach to Management.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2026Review
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pruritus is a common symptom of several skin diseases, both inflammatory and neoplastic. Pruritus might have a tremendous impact on patients' quality of life and strongly interfere with sleep, social, and work activities. We review the role of type-2 inflammation and immunity in the pathogenesis of chronic pruritic conditions of the skin. Type 2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-13, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, periostin, IL-31, IL-25, and IL-33 are released by mast cells, innate lymphoid cells 2, keratinocytes, and type 2 T lymphocytes, and are master regulators of chronic itch. These cytokines might act as direct pruritogen on primary sensory neurons (pruriceptors) or alter the sensitivity to other itch mediators Type 2 inflammation- and immunity-dominated skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis, prurigo nodularis, bullous pemphigoid, scabies, parasitic diseases, urticaria, and Sézary syndrome are indeed conditions associated with most severe pruritus. In contrast, in other skin diseases, such as scleroderma, lupus erythematosus, hidradenitis suppurativa, and acne, type 2 inflammation is less represented, and pruritus is milder or variable. Th2 inflammation and immunity evolved to protect against parasites, and thus, the scratching response evoked by pruritus might have developed to alert about the presence and to remove parasites from the skin surface.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.