Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33806787›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Mental Health, Greenness, and Nature Related Behaviors in the Adult Population of Stockholm County during COVID-19-Related Restrictions.

Mare Lõhmus, Cecilia U D Stenfors, Tomas Lind, André Lauber, Antonios Georgelis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Socioeconomic inequalities in exposure to neighbourhood environments for physical activity: a systematic review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mare LõhmusCenter for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, 113 65 Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-6619-9679
Cecilia U D StenforsDepartment of Psychology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Tomas LindCenter for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, 113 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
André LauberCenter for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, 113 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
Antonios GeorgelisCenter for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, 113 65 Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-0657-1512

Funding

Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas 2020-02888Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas FR-2018/0006
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

International data suggest that exposure to nature is beneficial for mental health and well-being. The restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have created a setting that allows us to investigate the importance of greenness exposure on mental health during a period of increased isolation and worry. Based on 2060 responses from an online survey in Stockholm County, Sweden, we investigated: (1) whether the COVID-19 pandemic changed peoples' lifestyle and nature-related habits, and (2) if peoples' mental health differed depending on their exposure to greenness. Neighborhood greenness levels were quantified by using the average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) within 50 m, 100 m, 300 m, and 500 m buffers surrounding the participant's place of residence. We found that the number of individuals that reported that they visited natural areas "often" was significantly higher during the pandemic than before the pandemic. Higher levels of greenness surrounding one's location of residence were in general associated with higher mental health/well-being and vitality scores, and less symptoms of depression, anxiety, and perceived and cognitive stress, after adjustments for demographic variables and walkability. In conclusion, the results from the present study provided support to the suggestion that contact with nature may be important for mental health in extreme circumstances.

Indexed as

COVID-19Mental HealthAdultHumansPandemicsResidence CharacteristicsSARS-CoV-2SwedenCOVID-19greennessmental healthpsychological factorsresiliencesocial isolationsocietal change

Identifiers

PMID33806787
PMCPMC8004976

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.