Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33806694›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

Understanding the Pathophysiology of Thrombotic APS through Animal Models.

Alex A Gandhi, Shanea K Estes, Christine E Rysenga, Jason S Knight

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Animal models of antiphospholipid syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Understanding the structure of βBlood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alex A GandhiDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Shanea K EstesDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Christine E RysengaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3528-7967
Jason S KnightDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0995-9771
University of Michigan · US

Funding

Purinergic modulation of the autoimmune vascular phenotypeR01HL134846 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jason Knight · 2018 to 2026
$4.8M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL134846
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a leading acquired cause of thrombotic events, with a notable tendency to promote thrombosis in vascular beds of all sizes, including both arterial and venous circuits. While pathogenic antiphospholipid antibodies circulate at relatively stable levels in blood, thrombosis tends to manifest as discrete and acute events, suggesting the requirement for a "second hit." While this two-hit model is generally accepted, much remains to be learned about exactly how antiphospholipid antibodies predispose to thrombosis in vivo and exactly how this predisposition interacts with the second hit. To this end, investigators have turned to animal models. Numerous approaches for modeling APS in animals have been described to date, each with potential advantages and disadvantages. This review will attempt to describe the most common APS models employed so far while discussing some pros and cons of each. Mechanisms of thrombotic APS that have thus far been explored in animal models will also be briefly addressed.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, AntiphospholipidAntiphospholipid SyndromeHumansModels, AnimalThrombosisAntibodies, Antiphospholipidanimal modelsantiphospholipid antibodiesantiphospholipid syndromethrombosis

Identifiers

PMID33806694
PMCPMC7961365
OpenAlexW3133919104

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.