ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Understanding Period Poverty: Socio-Economic Inequalities in Menstrual Hygiene Management in Eight Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Menstrual health challenges and associated barriers among tribal adolescent girls in India: A systematic review.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A systematic review of menstrual hygiene management (MHM) during humanitarian crises and/or emergencies in low- and middle-income countries.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Changes in resource insecurity, sexual and mental health among young women after Kenya's 2024 heavy rains and floods.International health · 2026Article
- Self-reported menstrual-related physical and psychological symptoms and health-seeking behaviour among rural school-going adolescent girls in Bangladesh.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Menstrual hygiene management and social exclusion among women in Afghanistan: insights from a national survey.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- The relationship between women's awareness of sustainable menstrual cups, their menstrual attitudes, and genital hygiene behaviors: a cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Menstrual Hygiene Knowledge and Its Determinants Among Adolescent Secondary Schoolgirls in Nasarawa West Senatorial Zone, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Menstrual Equity: A Survey Study with ZIP-Code Level Analysis.Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM · 2026Article
- Non-linear multivariate decomposition modelling of the predictors of menstrual product use among reproductive-aged women: evidence from the 2022 Ghanaian demographic and health survey.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Rhodomyrtus tomentosa-incorporated silicone inhibits planktonic growth and surface adhesion of Staphylococcus spp. and Candida albicans in simulated vaginal fluid.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Full, free, and informed: defining and operationalising informed choice for menstrual supplies.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2025Article
- Effects of a comprehensive menstrual and sexual reproductive health intervention on RTI symptoms among adolescent girls in the Mwanza region: a mixed-methods analysis.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Heavy menstrual bleeding and association with menstruation-specific resources: A multinational cross-sectional study in low- and middle-income countries.Health & place · 2025Article
- "Menstrual hygiene perceptions and need for free sanitary products: a cross-sectional study in a UAE university setting".BMC public health · 2025Article
- Mapping the health outcomes of menstrual inequity: a comprehensive scoping review.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Policy to practice: insights from implementation of a school-based sanitary napkin distribution programme in Odisha, India.Health research policy and systems · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities and its spatial pattern in sanitary napkin use in Bangladesh: evidence from the 2019 multiple indicator cluster survey.Population health metrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Workplace menstrual product policies and worker well-being: Insights from Queensland, Australia.Dialogues in health · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Menstrual hygiene management and health is increasingly gaining policy importance in a bid to promote dignity, gender equality and reproductive health. Effective and adequate menstrual hygiene management requires women and girls to have access to their menstrual health materials and products of choice, but also extends into having private, clean and safe spaces for using these materials. The paper provides empirical evidence of the inequality in menstrual hygiene management in Kinshasa (DRC), Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Rajasthan (India), Indonesia, Nigeria and Uganda using concentration indices and decomposition methods. There is consistent evidence of wealth-related inequality in the conditions of menstrual hygiene management spaces as well as access to sanitary pads across all countries. Wealth, education, the rural-urban divide and infrastructural limitations of the household are major contributors to these inequalities. While wealth is identified as one of the key drivers of unequal access to menstrual hygiene management, other socio-economic, environmental and household factors require urgent policy attention. This specifically includes the lack of safe MHM spaces which threaten the health and dignity of women and girls.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.