Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33806473›Full record

ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Properties and Characterization of Lignin Nanoparticles Functionalized in Macroalgae Biopolymer Films.

Samsul Rizal, Tata Alfatah, Abdul Khalil H P S, E M Mistar, C K Abdullah, Funmilayo G Olaiya, F A Sabaruddin, Ikramullah, Umar Muksin

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Samsul RizalDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.
Tata AlfatahSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-5572-1206
Abdul Khalil H P SSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-2403-809X
E M MistarSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-4435-679X
C K AbdullahSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-9235-8346
Funmilayo G OlaiyaSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
F A SabaruddinSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-8513-7441
IkramullahDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-9278-2473
Umar MuksinDepartment of Physics, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.
Universiti Sains Malaysia · MYUniversitas Syiah Kuala · ID

Funding

Ministry of Culture and Education Indonesia Contract number: 101.26/E4.3/KU/2020Universiti Sains Malaysia RUI 1001/PTEKIND 8014119
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The demand for bioplastic material for industrial applications is increasing. However, moisture absorption and low mechanical strength have limited the use of bioplastic in commercial-scale applications. Macroalgae is no exception to these challenges of bioplastics. In this study, Kappaphycus alvarezii macroalgae were reinforced with lignin nanoparticles. Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were used as a filler to reduce the brittleness and hydrophilic nature of macroalgae (matrix). Lignin nanofiller was produced using a green approach from black liquor of soda pulping waste and purified. The physical, mechanical, morphological, structural, thermal, and water barrier properties of LNPs with and without the purification process in macroalgae films were studied. The bioplastic films' functional properties, such as physical, mechanical, thermal, and water barrier properties, were significantly improved by incorporating purified and unpurified LNPs. However, the purified LNPs have a greater reinforcement effect on the macroalgae than unpurified LNPs. In this study, bioplastic film with 5% purified LNPs presented the optimum enhancement on almost all the functional properties. The enhancement is attributed to high compatibility due to strong interfacial interaction between the nanofiller and matrix. The developed LNPs/macroalgae bioplastic films can provide additional benefits and solutions to various industrial applications, especially packaging material.

Indexed as

bioplasticlignin nanoparticlesmacroalgaepackaging materialpurification

Identifiers

PMID33806473
PMCPMC8000402
OpenAlexW3135699407

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.