ArticleToxins2021
BoNT-A for Post-Stroke Spasticity: Guidance on Unmet Clinical Needs from a Delphi Panel Approach.
Article in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Neurophysiological Mechanisms to Rehabilitation After Botulinum Toxin Type A in Post-Stroke Spasticity.Toxins · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Strength Changes on Active Function Following Botulinum Neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A): A Systematic Review.Toxins · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Botulinum Toxin Underuse in Older Stroke Survivors with Spasticity: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Neuroepidemiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Treatment Patterns and Healthcare Costs Among Patients with Stroke and Spasticity: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Multiple sclerosis and spasticity: the role of anaesthetic nerve blocks on rectus femoris muscle. When should stiff knee be treated with botulinum toxin?Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2024Observational
- Article
- Post-stroke spasticity: follow-up and functional implications of chronic long-term treatment with botulinum toxin.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2024Observational
- Selective Tibial Neurotomy Outcomes for Spastic Equinovarus Foot: Patient Expectations and Functional Assessment.Neurosurgery · 2023Article
- Long-Term Spasticity Management in Post-Stroke Patients: Issues and Possible Actions-A Systematic Review with an Italian Expert Opinion.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Botulinum toxin use in patients with post-stroke spasticity: a nationwide retrospective study from France.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Adjunctive treatment and BoNT-A for post-stroke spasticity: Are we really focusing on the patient-centered goals?Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in patients with traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, or multiple sclerosis: An observational longitudinal study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- European expert consensus on improving patient selection for the management of disabling spasticity with intrathecal baclofen and/or botulinum toxin type A.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2022Article
- Experiences of patients with poststroke spasticity throughout a botulinum toxin treatment cycle: Results from a prospective ethnographic study.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- How Does Stroke Affect Skeletal Muscle? State of the Art and Rehabilitation Perspective.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is extensive literature supporting the efficacy of botulinum toxin (BoNT-A) for the treatment of post-stroke spasticity, however, there remain gaps in the routine management of patients with post-stroke spasticity. A panel of 21 Italian experts was selected to participate in this web-based survey Delphi process to provide guidance that can support clinicians in the decision-making process. There was a broad consensus among physicians that BoNT-A intervention should be administered as soon as the spasticity interferes with the patients' clinical condition. Patients monitoring is needed over time, a follow-up of 4-6 weeks is considered necessary. Furthermore, physicians agreed that treatment should be offered irrespective of the duration of the spasticity. The Delphi consensus also stressed the importance of patient-centered goals in order to satisfy the clinical needs of the patient regardless of time of onset or duration of spasticity. The findings arising from this Delphi process provide insights into the unmet needs in managing post-stroke spasticity from the clinician's perspective and provides guidance for physicians for the utilization of BoNT-A for the treatment of post-stroke spasticity in daily practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.