ReviewNutrients2021
Enteral Nutrition in Term Infants with Congenital Heart Disease: Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions to Improve Clinical Practice.
Review in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06763497 (The Efficacy of Systematic Oral Feeding Education Program), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Efficacy of Systematic Oral Feeding Education Program (SOFEP) on Feeding Techniques, Caregiver Stress, and Infant Feeding Skills in Caregivers of Infants With Congenital Heart Disease After Surgery
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of high-energy and/or high-protein feeding in children with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- Hemodynamic-Guided Nutrition Support in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Impact of early postoperative enteral nutrition initiation timing on infection rate and nutritional status in children with congenital heart disease.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Congenital heart disease prolongs the time to full enteral feeding in neonates with abdominal operation: a dual-center, propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Impact of breast milk composition on nutritional status of term neonates with congenital heart defects: A prospective study.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Enteral nutrition in neonates: current evidence from clinical trials and evolving strategies.Seminars in perinatology · 2026Review
- The Gut Microbiome in Congenital Heart Disease: Dysbiosis, Intestinal Barrier Injury, and Translational Opportunities Across the Childhood-A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Prevalence, Clinical Factors and Impact of Dysphagia After Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Efficacy of personalized traditional Chinese medicine massage combined with tuina in the treatment of pediatric congenital heart disease and malnutrition intolerance.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Analysis of factors affecting postoperative feeding intolerance in neonates following intestinal surgery.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Impact of a unit-wide feeding tolerance management protocol on enteral feeding outcomes in infants with congenital heart disease: a pre-post quality improvement cohort study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of the Pre-Operative Standardized Nutritional Protocol in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD).Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Cerebral and Splanchnic Tissue Oxygenation Are Significantly Affected in Premature infants with Ductal-Dependent Congenital Heart Disease.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2024Article
- Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis: An Update on Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Prevention.Paediatric drugs · 2024Review
- Does enteral nutrition during therapeutic hypothermia increase the risk for necrotizing enterocolitis?Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Transcriptomics integrated with metabolomics reveals partial molecular mechanisms of nutritional risk and neurodevelopment in children with congenital heart disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Feeding Intolerance in Critically Ill Patients with Enteral Nutrition: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures) · 2024Review
- Associations of Dietary Intake and Nutrient Status with Micronutrient and Lipid Composition in Breast Milk of Donor Women.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Enteral tube feeding selection at NICU discharge and resource utilization.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Optimal nutrition is essential to improve short- and long-term outcomes in newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD). Nevertheless, several issues on nutritional management and concerns about the potential risk of complications related to enteral feeding exist. This narrative review aims to summarize and discuss the available literature on enteral feeding in term infants with CHD. A wide variability in feeding management exists worldwide. Emerging approaches to improve nutritional status and outcomes in infants with CHD include: implementation of a standardized enteral feeding protocol, both preoperative and postoperative, clearly defining time of initiation and advancement of enteral feeds, reasons to withhold, and definitions of feeding intolerance; early minimal enteral feeding; enteral feeding in stable term infants on hemodynamic support; evaluation of enteral feeding in term infants with umbilical arterial catheters and during prostaglandin infusion; assessment and support of oro-motor skills; and promotion and support of breastfeeding and provision of mother's own milk or donor milk when mother's own milk is not available. As evidence from term infants is scarce, available observations and recommendations partially rely on studies in preterm infants. Thus, well-designed studies assessing standardized clinically relevant outcomes are needed to provide robust evidence and shared recommendations and practices.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.