ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
The Economic Costs of Childhood Disability: A Literature Review.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The magnitude of multimorbidity in childhood: a global systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Policy and advocacy considerations for the prevention and care of preterm birth.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Review
- Family quality of life in the context of Rett syndrome: insights from Brazilian families.Journal of community genetics · 2026Article
- Unpacking housing needs: Utilization of rental assistance among a national sample of households with children with disabilities.Disability and health journal · 2026Article
- Bringing legislation to life: Navigating intersectional barriers in implementing the Sindh Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities Act (2018) for the healthcare of children with disabilities.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Neurodevelopmental outcomes relevant to autism in juvenile mice exposed to PCB 11 in the maternal diet throughout gestation and lactation.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- From the parents' perspective: qualitative exploration of caregiving challenges and coping strategies of children with intellectual disability.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2026Article
- The right people, in the right place-assessing the impact of a new outreach model for paediatric neurology specialist services in Myanmar.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Supporting Canadian families of children with disabilities: unmet needs and service gaps.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Effect of Chronic Pediatric Heart Conditions on Family Dynamics in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Assessment of maternal age along with other risk factors for childhood disabilities: a cross-sectional study in thirty-eight countries.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Family Self-Care Pattern in Families with Children with Intellectual Disabilities: A Pilot Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Metabolomic Profiling of the Striatum inMetabolites · 2025Article
- A protocol to study the effect of targeted parental education intervention to identify early childhood development disorder - multisite interventional study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Parenting and stimulation for child development at home: perspectives from Nurturing Care.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2025Article
- Poverty alleviation policies, programs and practices for people with disabilities: A scoping review and recommendations.PloS one · 2025Article
- Global Initiative for Children's Surgery (GICS): a decade in review.World journal of pediatric surgery · 2025Review
- Congenital eye malformations and their impact on the health status of the Mexican population.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Global State of the Art and Science of Childhood Dysphagia: Similarities and Disparities in Burden.Dysphagia · 2024Review
- Cultivating cultural capital and transforming cultural fields: A study with arts and disability organisations in Europe.The Sociological review · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis literature review investigates the economic costs of childhood disability analysing methodologies used and summarizing the burden worldwide comparing developed and developing countries.
methodsFour electronic databases were searched. Studies were categorised according to country, perspective, methods of costing, disability category, and time horizon. Annual costs were converted to 2019 current US dollars then compared to the country's per capita current health expenditure (CHE) and gross domestic product (GDP).
resultsOf 2468 references identified, 20 were included in the review. Annual burden of childhood disability ranged ≈$450-69,500 worldwide. Childhood disability imposes a heavy economic burden on families, health systems, and societies. The reason for the wide range of costs is the variability in perspective, costs included, methods, and disability type.
conclusionThe annual societal costs for one disabled child could be up to the country's GDP per capita. The burden is heavier on households in developing countries as most of the costs are paid out-of-pocket leading to impoverishment of the whole family. Efforts should be directed to avoid preventable childhood disabilities and to support disabled children and their households to make them more independent and increase their productivity. More studies from developing countries are needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.