ArticleGenes2021
Causal Associations between Serum Urea and Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Article in Genes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review of Mendelian randomization studies on common male-specific diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors for prostate cancer: An umbrella review of prospective observational studies and mendelian randomization analyses.PLoS medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Leveraging machine learning to predict de novo skin malignancy following lung transplantation.Lung cancer management · 2026Article
- Integrative analysis prioritizes proteins associated with renal cell carcinoma and its risk factors.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Article
- A Population-Specific Ensemble Machine Learning Model for Predicting Borderline or Malignancy Risk of Ovarian Masses in Macao: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2025Article
- Serum urea concentration and risk of 16 site-specific cancers, overall cancer, and cancer mortality in individuals with metabolic syndrome: a cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Salivary Metabolites in Breast Cancer and Fibroadenomas: Focus on Menopausal Status and BMI.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Mendelian randomization study of the relationship between blood and urine biomarkers and lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Plasma proteome fingerprint in kidney diseases.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Article
- Combining machine learning with Cox models to identify predictors for incident post-menopausal breast cancer in the UK Biobank.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Bench-to-Bedside Studies of Arginine Deprivation in Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Additive pre-diagnostic and diagnostic value of routine blood-based biomarkers in the detection of colorectal cancer in the UK Biobank cohort.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Assessment of Serum Urea, Creatinine and Uric Acid in Oral Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Metabolomics profiling in prediction of chemo-immunotherapy efficiency in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Urea is largely derived from the urea cycle reactions through hepatic detoxification of free ammonia and cleared by urination, and the serum urea level is a crucial medical indicator for measuring the kidney function in patients with nephropathy; however, investigative revelations pointing to the serum urea level as a risk factor for cancer are very scarce, and relevant studies are restricted by potential biases. We aimed to explore the causal relationships of the serum urea level with cancer development by focusing on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using the Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Summary estimates were collected from the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method based on six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The selected SNPs related to the serum urea were obtained from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 13,312 European participants. The summary statistics of RCC were also available from public databases (IARC,
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Registered trials
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