ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Hydrogels in Hand Sanitizers.
Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contact dermatitis caused by prevention measures during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Stability and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Reuterin and Bacteriocins (Microcin J25, Nisin Z, and Pediocin PA-1) in Chitosan- and Carboxymethyl-Cellulose-Based Hydrogels.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Rheological Properties of Emulsions Stabilized by Cellulose Derivatives with the Addition of Ethyl Alcohol.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Determination of volatile impurities and ethanol content in ethanol-based hand sanitizers: Compliance and toxicity.Toxicology reports · 2024Article
- Evidence summary of prevention strategies for catheter-related infections among cancer patients with home parenteral nutrition.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2024Review
- Development and Characterization of a Hand Rub Gel Produced with Artisan Alcohol (Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Purification and use of crude green glycerol from the transesterification of triglycerides in the formulation of an alcohol gel hand sanitizer.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Progress of Hydrogel Dressings with Wound Monitoring and Treatment Functions.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Non-Alcohol Hand Sanitiser Gels with Mandelic Acid and Essential Oils.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Efficacy Assessment and Rheological Investigation of Two Different Hand Sanitizers Compared with the Standard Reference WHO Formulation 1.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Self-Forming Hydrogel from a Bactericidal Copolymer: Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Evaluations and Perspective Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Mutual Jellification of Two Bactericidal Cationic Polymers: Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of a New Two-Component Hydrogel.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Article
- Biologically Active Preparations from the Leaves of Wild Plant Species of the GenusMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance in the COVID-19 Landscape: Is There an Opportunity for Anti-Infective Antibodies and Antimicrobial Peptides?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Rheological design of thickened alcohol-based hand rubs.Rheologica acta · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hand hygiene can be considered a strategic key useful in the containment of infections such as COVID-19 both at home and in communities because it can dramatically reduce the widespread outbreak of infections. In case of the unavailability of soap and water, "instant" hand sanitizers are recommended because their application can be considered easy, versatile, quick and often less aggressive for the skin. For these reasons, alcoholic and alcohol-free hand rub gels can be considered the best performing formulations on the market. Together with disinfectants and antiseptic agents, hydrogels play a fundamental role in obtaining stable formulations and are easy to disperse, with a pleasant skin feel and an overall good performance. Several compounds commonly used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industry are available for this purpose, in particular, cellulose derivatives and synthetic polymers derivatives. Each of them is available in several grades, presenting different thickening behavior, rheological properties and compatibility with other ingredients, alcohols in particular. For all these reasons, it is important to explore hydrogel properties and behaviors in different contexts (i.e., hydroalcoholic and aqueous media) in order to develop new and performing hand rub gels, always taking into account the different international legal frameworks regarding disinfectant and sanitizing formulations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.