Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33804159›Full record

ReviewPharmaceutics2021

Co-Amorphous Drug Formulations in Numbers: Recent Advances in Co-Amorphous Drug Formulations with Focus on Co-Formability, Molar Ratio, Preparation Methods, Physical Stability, In Vitro and In Vivo Performance, and New Formulation Strategies.

Jingwen Liu, Holger Grohganz, Korbinian Löbmann, Thomas Rades, Nele-Johanna Hempel

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Co-amorphization for solubility and dissolution rate improvement: the case of low-crystallization-tendency drugs.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jingwen LiuDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Holger GrohganzDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-0482-1397
Korbinian LöbmannDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-8710-6347
Thomas RadesDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-7521-6020
Nele-Johanna HempelDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-1021-6898

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Co-amorphous drug delivery systems (CAMS) are characterized by the combination of two or more (initially crystalline) low molecular weight components that form a homogeneous single-phase amorphous system. Over the past decades, CAMS have been widely investigated as a promising approach to address the challenge of low water solubility of many active pharmaceutical ingredients. Most of the studies on CAMS were performed on a case-by-case basis, and only a few systematic studies are available. A quantitative analysis of the literature on CAMS under certain aspects highlights not only which aspects have been of great interest, but also which future developments are necessary to expand this research field. This review provides a comprehensive updated overview on the current published work on CAMS using a quantitative approach, focusing on three critical quality attributes of CAMS, i.e., co-formability, physical stability, and dissolution performance. Specifically, co-formability, molar ratio of drug and co-former, preparation methods, physical stability, and in vitro and in vivo performance were covered. For each aspect, a quantitative assessment on the current status was performed, allowing both recent advances and remaining research gaps to be identified. Furthermore, novel research aspects such as the design of ternary CAMS are discussed.

Indexed as

co-amorphousco-formabilityin vivo studiesmolar ratio optimizationphysical stabilitypoorly water soluble drugssolid dispersion

Identifiers

PMID33804159
PMCPMC7999207

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.