ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Tryptophan Metabolism and Gut-Brain Homeostasis.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07764328 (A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study Evaluating the Impact of Milamend on Quality of Life and Hormonal Health in Women With Self-Reported Symptoms Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 276 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study Evaluating the Impact of Milamend on Quality of Life and Hormonal Health in Women With Self-Reported Symptoms Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Who cites it
276 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 456 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Aromatic Amino Acids in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome through Patients' Blood Metabolic Profiling: A Systematic Review of the Past Five Years.Journal of proteome research · 2025Pooled it
- The Impact ofCurrent neuropharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Visual trends and hot research on the relationship between intestinal microbiota and major lipids: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Chenpi Jiaosu on serum metabolites and intestinal microflora in a dyslipidemia population: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Trial
- Association between whole-grain consumption, tryptophan metabolism and psychological distress: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.The British journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Microbiome-driven alterations in tryptophan metabolism contribute to behavioral comorbidities in the Muc2 knockout mouse model of chronic colitis.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- The Association between Anxiety and/or Depression Symptoms with Gastrointestinal Complaints Five Years after Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery - a Cross-sectional Study.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- Unraveling the Mechanistic Insights ofNutrients · 2026Review
- Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Hesperetin-Rich CNE against Neuronal Damage and Memory Impairment by Regulating AKT/Nrf2 and BDNF/CREB Signaling.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Amino Acid Metabolism in Health and Disease.MedComm · 2026Review
- Review
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Cell-Specific Modulation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor by Kynurenine in Pulmonary Fibrosis Requires Microenvironmental Crosstalk.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Seasonal Affective Disorder and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Circadian Disruption, Tryptophan Metabolism, and Psychobiotic Potential ofNutrients · 2026Review
- Longitudinal urine metabolomics predicts high-grade brain injury in very preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- SSRI prescription during acute COVID-19 and risk of Long COVID symptoms and conditions among patients with depression.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Nutritional Interventions for Perimenopausal Anxiety and Depression Targeting Tryptophan and GABA Pathways: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Liraglutide and Dapagliflozin Synergistically Reshape Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Profiles to Ameliorate Type‑2 Diabetes in Mice.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Tryptophan-Serotonin-Melatonin Pathway as a Contributor to Changes in Mood and Cognitive Functions Induced by Sleep Deprivation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiome in Early Ontogeny: Implications for Brain and Immune System Development.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Review
216 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid critical for protein synthesis in humans that has emerged as a key player in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. It is the only precursor for the neurotransmitter serotonin, which is vital for the processing of emotional regulation, hunger, sleep, and pain, as well as colonic motility and secretory activity in the gut. Tryptophan catabolites from the kynurenine degradation pathway also modulate neural activity and are active in the systemic inflammatory cascade. Additionally, tryptophan and its metabolites support the development of the central and enteric nervous systems. Accordingly, dysregulation of tryptophan metabolites plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Gut microbes influence tryptophan metabolism directly and indirectly, with corresponding changes in behavior and cognition. The gut microbiome has thus garnered much attention as a therapeutic target for both neurologic and psychiatric disorders where tryptophan and its metabolites play a prominent role. In this review, we will touch upon some of these features and their involvement in health and disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.