Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33804082›Full record

ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Overview of Materials Used for the Basic Elements of Hydraulic Actuators and Sealing Systems and Their Surfaces Modification Methods.

Justyna Skowrońska, Andrzej Kosucki, Łukasz Stawiński

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Justyna SkowrońskaInstitute of Machine Tools and Production Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-2442-1945
Andrzej KosuckiInstitute of Machine Tools and Production Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8632-8140
Łukasz StawińskiInstitute of Machine Tools and Production Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-7078-2042

Funding

Project co-financed by the European Union under the European Social Found as a part of the Operational Program: Knowledge, Education, Development, project No. POWR.03.02.00 - 00 - I042/16 - 00 POWR.03.02.00 - 00 - I042/16 - 00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The article is an overview of various materials used in power hydraulics for basic hydraulic actuators components such as cylinders, cylinder caps, pistons, piston rods, glands, and sealing systems. The aim of this review is to systematize the state of the art in the field of materials and surface modification methods used in the production of actuators. The paper discusses the requirements for the elements of actuators and analyzes the existing literature in terms of appearing failures and damages. The most frequently applied materials used in power hydraulics are described, and various surface modifications of the discussed elements, which are aimed at improving the operating parameters of actuators, are presented. The most frequently used materials for actuators elements are iron alloys. However, due to rising ecological requirements, there is a tendency to looking for modern replacements to obtain the same or even better mechanical or tribological parameters. Sealing systems are manufactured mainly from thermoplastic or elastomeric polymers, which are characterized by low friction and ensure the best possible interaction of seals with the cooperating element. In the field of surface modification, among others, the issue of chromium plating of piston rods has been discussed, which, due, to the toxicity of hexavalent chromium, should be replaced by other methods of improving surface properties.

Indexed as

coatingshydraulic actuatorspower hydraulicssealing systemstructural materialssurface modifications

Identifiers

PMID33804082
PMCPMC7999906

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.