ArticleMicroorganisms2021
Epstein-Barr Virus LMP1 Induces Soluble PD-L1 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 deserves attention in head and neck cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Review
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: epidemiology, risk factors, signaling pathways, clinical features, diagnosis, and management.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Core regulatory mechanisms of the PD-L1 axis and clinical strategies for immune escape and immunotherapy response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Research progress on the mechanisms of EB virus reshaping the immune microenvironment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Epstein-Barr virus-associated tumors: commonalities in pathogenesis and the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles derived EBV tegument protein BRRF2 suppresses cGAS phase separation to promote anti-viral innate immune evasion.Nature communications · 2025Article
- PLUNC downregulates the expression of PD-L1 by inhibiting the interaction of DDX17/β-catenin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Journal of pathology and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Targeting the LMP1-ALIX axis in EBVCancer communications (London, England) · 2024Article
- TMEM52B Isoforms P18 and P20 Differentially Promote the Oncogenesis and Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Could MMP3 and MMP9 Serve as Biomarkers in EBV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Assessing the Clinical Implications of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection and Their Application to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Mechanisms of T cell evasion by Epstein-Barr virus and implications for tumor survival.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Interplay between Epstein-Barr virus infection and environmental xenobiotic exposure in cancer.Infectious agents and cancer · 2021Review
- Soluble Programmed Death Ligand-1 (sPD-L1): A Pool of Circulating Proteins Implicated in Health and Diseases.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancy. The principal oncogene of EBV, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), induces the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is an immunosuppressive transmembrane protein and a promising therapeutic target for various malignancies. Recent studies have revealed an association between the level of soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) and disease progression. However, the role of sPD-L1 in NPC or its relevance to LMP1 has not been elucidated. This study aimed to examine whether LMP1 induces sPD-L1 in vitro and analyze the clinical relevance of LMP1, PD-L1, and sPD-L1 in NPC patients. Analysis of nasopharyngeal cell lines revealed that LMP1 induces both cellular PD-L1 and sPD-L1. Analysis of biopsy specimens from 32 NPC patients revealed that LMP1 expression was significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression. Finally, the serum sPD-L1 level in NPC patients was higher than that in the controls. Moreover, the sPD-L1 level in the advanced stage was higher than that in the early stage. However, LMP1 expression, PD-L1 expression, and sPD-L1 levels were not associated with prognosis. These results suggest that LMP1 induces both sPD-L1 and PD-L1, which are associated with NPC progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.