ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Diabetes during Pregnancy: A Maternal Disease Complicating the Course of Pregnancy with Long-Term Deleterious Effects on the Offspring. A Clinical Review.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06111157 (Clinical Spectrum of Infants of Diabetic Mothers , in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Assiut University Children's Hospital), which is not on this map. Cited by 165 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Spectrum of Infants of Diabetic Mothers , in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Assiut University Children's Hospital
Who cites it
165 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 321 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions That Support Breastfeeding for Women With Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic Impact of Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of More Than 90 000 Pregnancies.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Pooled it
- Influence of maternal diabetes during pregnancy on ultrasound-measured fetal epicardial fat thickness: A meta-analysis.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on women's sexual function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and Predictors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa: A 10-Year Systematic Review.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2024Pooled it
- Diabetes in pregnancy and offspring cardiac function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Doppler Indices of the Uterine, Umbilical and Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery in Diabetic versus Non-Diabetic Pregnancy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Systematic review of transcriptome and microRNAome associations with gestational diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Mother and child health 4.5 years after gestational diabetes mellitus managed using tight or less tight targets for glycaemic control: Post-hoc follow-up study of the TARGET trial.PLoS medicine · 2026Trial
- Genetic risk of type 2 diabetes modifies the association between lifestyle and glycemic health at 5 years postpartum among high-risk women.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Trial
- Association between umbilical cord oxidative stress and early neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Alterations in Human Milk Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, and microRNAs in Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Compared With Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review and Network-Based Analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Metformin Exposure in Pregnancy and Fetal Programming: A Focused Review of Contemporary Evidence.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Hypoglycemic conditions enhance neonatal β-cell glucose responsiveness via AMPK/mTOR-increased KATP channel density.Endocrinology · 2026Article
- Review
- Risk profiles of motor deficits in preterm infants: a cluster analysis approach.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Managing Gestational Diabetes Complexity with Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms as Sources of Bioactive Molecules in Pregnancy: Potential Impact on Preeclampsia and Gestational Diabetes Outcomes.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The impact of pregestational stress on neurodevelopment: Implications for autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.The Journal of physiology · 2026Review
105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In spite of the huge progress in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, we are still in the situation that both pregestational (PGDM) and gestational diabetes (GDM) impose an additional risk to the embryo, fetus, and course of pregnancy. PGDM may increase the rate of congenital malformations, especially cardiac, nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and limbs. PGDM may interfere with fetal growth, often causing macrosomia, but in the presence of severe maternal complications, especially nephropathy, it may inhibit fetal growth. PGDM may also induce a variety of perinatal complications such as stillbirth and perinatal death, cardiomyopathy, respiratory morbidity, and perinatal asphyxia. GDM that generally develops in the second half of pregnancy induces similar but generally less severe complications. Their severity is higher with earlier onset of GDM and inversely correlated with the degree of glycemic control. Early initiation of GDM might even cause some increase in the rate of congenital malformations. Both PGDM and GDM may cause various motor and behavioral neurodevelopmental problems, including an increased incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most complications are reduced in incidence and severity with the improvement in diabetic control. Mechanisms of diabetic-induced damage in pregnancy are related to maternal and fetal hyperglycemia, enhanced oxidative stress, epigenetic changes, and other, less defined, pathogenic mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.