SynthesisSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Artificial Intelligence-Based Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons for Upper Limb Rehabilitation: A Review.
Synthesis in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Tracking Upper Limb Motion via Wearable Solutions: Systematic Review of Research From 2011 to 2023.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- AI Quality Standards in Health Care: Rapid Umbrella Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Intelligent Physical Robots in Health Care: Systematic Literature Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Myoelectric Control Systems for Upper Limb Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons and Exosuits-A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence in shoulder arthroplasty: latest concepts and clinical integration.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Review
- Physiological Data Analysis Framework for Pain Prediction in Physical Rehabilitation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review of electroencephalography and electromyography research in robotics: opportunities and challenges.Visual computing for industry, biomedicine, and art · 2026Review
- Current State of the Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Stroke: A Literature Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Smart exoskeleton-assisted rehabilitation after fracture surgery: closed-loop control, personalized load management, and integrated telemonitoring.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence in rehabilitation: a review of clinical effectiveness, real-world performance, safety, and equity across modalities and settings.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Review
- Intelligent Rehabilitation: Advances in Artificial Intelligence for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: A Narrative Review.Orthopedic research and reviews · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence in biology and medicine.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2025Review
- Exploring the role of artificial intelligence in orthopedic medical education: A narrative review.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2025Article
- Review
- Artificial Intelligence-Driven Neuromodulation in Neurodegenerative Disease: Precision in Chaos, Learning in Loss.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Patient performance assessment methods for upper extremity rehabilitation in assist-as-needed therapy strategies: a comprehensive review.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2025Review
- Effect of Wearable Exoskeleton Robots on Muscle Activation and Gait Parameters on a Treadmill: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Two decades of breakthroughs: charting the future of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Artificial Intelligence: Shaping the Future of Neurorehabilitation-A Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Clinician perceptions of a novel wearable robotic hand orthosis for post-stroke hemiparesis.Disability and rehabilitation · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Processing and control systems based on artificial intelligence (AI) have progressively improved mobile robotic exoskeletons used in upper-limb motor rehabilitation. This systematic review presents the advances and trends of those technologies. A literature search was performed in Scopus, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, and PubMed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology with three main inclusion criteria: (a) motor or neuromotor rehabilitation for upper limbs, (b) mobile robotic exoskeletons, and (c) AI. The period under investigation spanned from 2016 to 2020, resulting in 30 articles that met the criteria. The literature showed the use of artificial neural networks (40%), adaptive algorithms (20%), and other mixed AI techniques (40%). Additionally, it was found that in only 16% of the articles, developments focused on neuromotor rehabilitation. The main trend in the research is the development of wearable robotic exoskeletons (53%) and the fusion of data collected from multiple sensors that enrich the training of intelligent algorithms. There is a latent need to develop more reliable systems through clinical validation and improvement of technical characteristics, such as weight/dimensions of devices, in order to have positive impacts on the rehabilitation process and improve the interactions among patients, teams of health professionals, and technology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.