ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Microglial Heterogeneity and Its Potential Role in Driving Phenotypic Diversity of Alzheimer's Disease.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dissecting Alzheimer's proteomic landscape through NULISA profiling of brain cell-specific extracellular vesicles.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Pericytes are organ-specific regulators of tissue morphogenesis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Preventing effect of plant extracts and omega-3 on age-related cognitive decline in male mice.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Engineered GLP-1R-targeting nanoplatforms: multimodal therapeutics in human diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Cerebrospinal fluid proteomic signatures in cognitively normal individuals identify distinct clusters linked to neurodegeneration.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Chronic palmitoylethanolamide administrationFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Alzheimer's Disease, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes: Focus on Common Neuroglial Dysfunctions (Critical Review and New Data on Human Brain and Models).Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Cytokine and chemokine map of peripheral specific immune cell subsets in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2023Article
- How Many Alzheimer-Perusini's Atypical Forms Do We Still Have to Discover?Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Dietary Polyphenols through Inhibitory Activity against Metalloproteinases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The heterogeneity of microglial activation and its epigenetic and non-coding RNA regulations in the immunopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
- Recent update on the heterogeneity of the Alzheimer's disease spectrum.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2022Review
- The relationships between neuroglial and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies II:Journal of central nervous system disease · 2022Review
- The relationships between neuroglial alterations and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies I: Gliopathogenesis and glioprotection.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2022Review
- Spatiotemporal patterns of gliosis and neuroinflammation in presenilin 1/2 conditional double knockout mice.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Special Issue "Microglia Heterogeneity and Its Relevance for Translational Research".International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a highly heterogeneous disorder occurring under distinct clinical and neuropathological phenotypes. Despite the molecular determinants of such variability not being well defined yet, microglial cells may play a key role in this process by releasing distinct pro- and/or anti-inflammatory cytokines, potentially affecting the expression of the disease. We carried out a neuropathological and biochemical analysis on a series of AD brain samples, gathering evidence about the heterogeneous involvement of microglia in AD. The neuropathological studies showed differences concerning morphology, density and distribution of microglial cells among AD brains. Biochemical investigations showed increased brain levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, CCL17, MMP-7 and CXCL13 in AD in comparison with control subjects. The molecular profiling achieved by measuring the brain levels of 25 inflammatory factors known to be involved in neuroinflammation allowed a stratification of the AD patients in three distinct "neuroinflammatory clusters". These findings strengthen the relevance of neuroinflammation in AD pathogenesis suggesting, in particular, that the differential involvement of neuroinflammatory molecules released by microglial cells during the development of the disease may contribute to modulate the characteristics and the severity of the neuropathological changes, driving-at least in part-the AD phenotypic diversity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.