ArticleToxics2021
Cross-Sectional Associations of Smoking and E-cigarette Use with Self-Reported Diagnosed Hypertension: Findings from Wave 3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.
Article in Toxics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes.NEJM evidence · 2024Pooled it
- The Health Effects of Real-World Dual Use of Electronic and Conventional Cigarettes versus the Health Effects of Exclusive Smoking of Conventional Cigarettes: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison of e-Cigarette and Cigarette Use and Dual Use Associations With Disease: Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Pooled it
- Associations of exclusive e-cigarette use and dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes with prevalent and incident hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Review
- Cigarette smoking, e-cigarette use, and hypertension: a population-based cross-sectional study.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- A Narrative Review of the Potential Impact of Next-Generation Tobacco and Nicotine Products on Cardiovascular Health.Cureus · 2026Review
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between adolescent vaping and physical and mental health problems.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the Impact of E-cigarettes on Cardiovascular Health: Insights from Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Review
- Altered expression profile of plasma exosomal microRNAs in exclusive electronic cigarette adult users.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Outpatient management of essential hypertension: a review based on the latest clinical guidelines.Annals of medicine · 2024Review
- Young users of electronic cigarettes exhibit reduced cardiorespiratory fitness.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Article
- Vuse Solo e-cigarettes do not provide net benefits to public health: a scientific analysis of FDA's marketing authorisation.Tobacco control · 2024Review
- Time-varying association between cigarette and ENDS use on incident hypertension among US adults: a prospective longitudinal study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in the Association of E-cigarette and Cigarette Use and Dual Use With Self-Reported Hypertension Incidence in US Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Article
- Chronic E-Cigarette Use Impairs Endothelial Function on the Physiological and Cellular Levels.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2022Article
- Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Sexual Orientation Discrimination and Exclusive, Dual, and Polytobacco Use among Sexual Minority Adults in the United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- High prevalence of hypertension among smokers of conventional and e-cigarette: Using the nationally representative community dwelling survey.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- A wake-up call to action for smoking cessation interventions.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Following their introduction a decade ago, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have grown in popularity. Given their novelty, knowledge of the health consequences of e-cigarette use remains limited. Epidemiologic studies have not comprehensively explored associations between e-cigarette use and hypertension, a highly prevalent health condition and major contributor to cardiovascular disease burden. In this study, cross-sectional associations of cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use (vaping) with self-reported diagnosed hypertension were evaluated among 19,147 18-55 year old respondents in Wave 3 (2015-2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Multivariable analyses first modeled smoking and vaping as separate 2-category variables, then as a 6-category composite variable accounting for former smoking. After adjusting for potential confounders, current vaping (aOR = 1.31; 95%CI: 1.05-1.63) and current smoking (aOR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.10-1.47) were both associated with higher odds of hypertension. In analyses modeling smoking and vaping compositely, respondents who were concurrently smoking and vaping had the highest odds of hypertension (aOR = 1.77; 95%CI: 1.32-2.39 [referent: never smokers]). These results differ somewhat from prior epidemiologic studies of vaping and respiratory outcomes, which consistently report smaller point estimates for current vaping than for current smoking. Our findings reinforce the uncertainty surrounding long-term health consequences of vaping, as well as highlight important distinctions between respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes when considering the harm reduction potential of e-cigarettes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.