ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Toxicity of Protamine Sulfate in Zebrafish and Rodent Models.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic effects of multi-frequency ultrasound on the physicochemical properties, molecular structure, and functional indicators ofFood chemistry: X · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Management of Thrombosis: Current State and Future Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A case of the effective inhalation of nitric oxide therapy for caused severe pulmonary hypertension with protamine neutralization of systemic heparinization during totally endoscopic minimally invasive cardiac surgery.The journal of extra-corporeal technology · 2024Article
- Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of pentaamino acid fullerene CJournal of bioenergetics and biomembranes · 2023Article
- Monitoring of Anticoagulant Activity of Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban in the Presence of Heparins.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Reversal Activity and Toxicity of Heparin-Binding Copolymer after Subcutaneous Administration of Enoxaparin in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Protamine sulfate (PS) is the only available option to reverse the anticoagulant activity of unfractionated heparin (UFH), however it can cause cardiovascular and respiratory complications. We explored the toxicity of PS and its complexes with UFH in zebrafish, rats, and mice. The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the above effects was investigated. Concentration-dependent lethality, morphological defects, and decrease in heart rate (HR) were observed in zebrafish larvae. PS affected HR, blood pressure, respiratory rate, peak exhaled CO
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.