ReviewNutrients2021
Hydrogen Breath Tests: Are They Really Useful in the Nutritional Management of Digestive Disease?
Review in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distinction of meal quality and interaction with the gut microbiota by breath volatilome analysis in humans.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Predicting response to the low FODMAP diet in irritable bowel syndrome: Current evidence and clinical considerations.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Review
- Impacts of people at-risk of either cow milk allergies or lactose intolerance on their daily calcium intake and bone mineral density.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Nutritional Pearls and Pitfalls of Gastrointestinal Diseases.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Non-pharmacologic approaches to treatment of pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Hydrogen Using Pd-Coated SnOSensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- Frequency and Diagnostic Utility of the -13910C>TIn vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCarbohydrate malabsorption is a frequent digestive problem associated with abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhea. Hydrogen breath testing (BT) represents the most reliable and validated diagnostic technique. The aim of this manuscript was to clarify the usefulness of BTs in the nutritional management of these disorders.
methodsA literature search for BT related to carbohydrate malabsorption was carried out using the online databases of Pubmed, Medline and Cochrane.
resultsLactose BT showed good sensitivity and optimal specificity for lactose malabsorption. However, an accurate diagnosis of lactose intolerance should require blind lactose challenge although this method is difficult to utilize in clinical practice. Regarding dose-depending fructose and sorbitol malabsorption, BTs could not add diagnostic advantage compared with a direct dietary intervention. In addition, carbohydrates are fundamental components of fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs). Before starting a low FODMAP diet, lactose BT should be suggested in a population with low prevalence of hypolactasia.
conclusionsBTs represent a valid and noninvasive technique in many digestive conditions. Regarding the management of carbohydrate intolerance, lactose BT can be recommended with some limitations. No sufficient evidence is available about the usefulness of BTs for other sugars in clinical practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.