ReviewGenes2021
Strategies to Improve the Clinical Outcomes for Direct-to-Consumer Pharmacogenomic Tests.
Review in Genes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Design and implementation of PharMe: a mobile application to return pharmacogenomic test results to patients.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- Understanding public perspectives on direct-to-consumer pharmacogenomic testing in the UK: a qualitative study.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2026Article
- Motivations, perceptions and impacts of direct-to-consumer genetic testing among users in Brazil.Journal of community genetics · 2025Article
- Factors influencing patient decision-making on a multimodal precision medicine algorithm for depression: a qualitative European multicentre study of the PROMPT consortium.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Patient and clinician perspectives on pharmacogenetic testing for antipsychotics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- The history and future of pharmacogenetics in Aotearoa/New Zealand.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2025Review
- Pharmacogenetic analysis of structural variation in the 1000 genomes project using whole genome sequences.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Toward Integration of Pharmacogenomic Tests into Daily Clinical Practice: A General Survey for Polish Healthcare Workers.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- Attitudes towards genetic testing: The role of genetic literacy, motivated cognition, and socio-demographic characteristics.PloS one · 2023Article
- Article
- Perception of personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, and genetic testing among undergraduates in Hong Kong.Human genomics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Direct-to-consumer genetic tests (DTC-GT) have become a bridge between marketing and traditional healthcare services. After earning FDA endorsement for such facilities, several fast-developing companies started to compete in the related area. Pharmacogenomic (PGx) tests have been introduced as potentially one of the main medical services of such companies. Most of the individuals will be interested in finding out about the phenotypic consequences of their genetic variants and molecular risk factors against diverse medicines they take or will take later. Direct-to-consumer pharmacogenomic tests (DTC-PT) is still in its young age, however it is expected to expand rapidly through the industry in the future. The result of PGx tests could be considered as the main road toward the implementation of personalized and precision medicine in the clinic. This narrative critical review study provides a descriptive overview on DTC-GT, then focuses on DTC-PT, and also introduces and suggests the potential approaches for improving the clinical related outcomes of such tests on healthcare systems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.