Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33801593›Full record

ArticleBrain sciences2021

Unveiling the Mysteries of Dyslexia-Lessons Learned from the Prospective Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia.

Kaisa Lohvansuu, Minna Torppa, Timo Ahonen, Kenneth Eklund, Jarmo A Hämäläinen, Paavo H T Leppänen, Heikki Lyytinen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
12.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Reading skills over time among children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Predicting Reading Fluency Growth from Grade 2 to Age 23 with Parental and Child Factors.Scientific studies of reading : the official journal of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kaisa LohvansuuDepartment of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-1641-844X
Minna TorppaDepartment of Teacher Education, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-3834-9892
Timo AhonenDepartment of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-3281-1073
Kenneth EklundFaculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-3416-4700
Jarmo A HämäläinenDepartment of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-7188-8148
Paavo H T LeppänenDepartment of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
Heikki LyytinenNiilo Mäki Institute, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
University of Jyväskylä · FINiilo Mäki institute · FI

Funding

Academy of Finland 44858 and 213486
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper reviews the observations of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia (JLD). The JLD is a prospective family risk study in which the development of children with familial risk for dyslexia (N = 108) due to parental dyslexia and controls without dyslexia risk (N = 92) were followed from birth to adulthood. The JLD revealed that the likelihood of at-risk children performing poorly in reading and spelling tasks was fourfold compared to the controls. Auditory insensitivity of newborns observed during the first week of life using brain event-related potentials (ERPs) was shown to be the first precursor of dyslexia. ERPs measured at six months of age related to phoneme length identification differentiated the family risk group from the control group and predicted reading speed until the age of 14 years. Early oral language skills, phonological processing skills, rapid automatized naming, and letter knowledge differentiated the groups from ages 2.5-3.5 years onwards and predicted dyslexia and reading development, including reading comprehension, until adolescence. The home environment, a child's interest in reading, and task avoidance were not different in the risk group but were found to be additional predictors of reading development. Based on the JLD findings, preventive and intervention methods utilizing the association learning approach have been developed.

Indexed as

brain event-related potentials (ERPs)dyslexiahome literacy environmentinterventionlanguage developmentlongitudinal studyprospective family studyreading developmentreading difficultiesreading fluency

Identifiers

PMID33801593
PMCPMC8066413
OpenAlexW3148174809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.