ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Carbon Nanotubes-Potent Carriers for Targeted Drug Delivery in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond inflammation: siRNA strategies for precision targeting in rheumatological disorders.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Molecular Gold Nanoclusters for Advanced NIR-II Bioimaging and Therapy.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Electrospun Fiber Mats with Metronidazole: Design, Evaluation, and Release Kinetics.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Fluorescent probes in autoimmune disease research: current status and future prospects.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Advances in Drug Targeting, Drug Delivery, and Nanotechnology Applications: Therapeutic Significance in Cancer Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Translation Research in Therapeutic Approaches from Conventional to Novel Nano-therapeutics for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment.Current rheumatology reviews · 2025Review
- Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis By Development of Nanocarriers and their Significance Over Conventional Dosage Forms.Recent advances in drug delivery and formulation · 2025Review
- The emerging potential of siRNA nanotherapeutics in treatment of arthritis.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2023Review
- Arthritic Microenvironment-Dictated Fate Decisions for Stem Cells in Cartilage Repair.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Cytotoxicity of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Fullerenes, and Dots.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Design of double functionalized carbon nanotube for amphotericin B and genetic material delivery.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Phosphorylcholine-conjugated gold-molecular clusters improve signal for Lymph Node NIR-II fluorescence imaging in preclinical cancer models.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Recent advances in nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for rheumatoid arthritis treatment.Nanoscale advances · 2022Review
- Nanoparticle-Based RNAi Therapeutics Targeting Cancer Stem Cells: Update and Prospective.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Structural Deformation of MTX Induced by Nanodrug Conjugation Dictate Intracellular Drug Transport and Drug Efficacy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Two types of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), HiPco- and carboxyl-SWCNT, are evaluated as drug carriers for the traditional anti-inflammatory drug methotrexate (MTX) and a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NOTCH1 gene. The nanotubes are solubilized by PEGylation and covalently loaded with MTX. The coupling efficiency (CE%) of MTX is 77-79% for HiPco-SWCNT and 71-83% for carboxyl-SWCNT. siRNA is noncovalently attached to the nanotubes with efficiency of 90-97% for HiPco-SWCNT and 87-98% for carboxyl-SWCNT. Through whole body imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II window, 1000-1700 nm), SWCNTs were found to be selectively accumulated in inflamed joints in a serum transfer mouse model. We further investigated the interactions of the siRNA/MTX loaded nanotubes with human blood and mice bone marrow cells. In human blood, both types of unloaded SWCNTs were associated with B cells, monocytes and neutrophils. Interestingly, loading with MTX suppressed SWCNTs targeting specificity to immune cells, especially B cells; in contrast, loading siRNA alone enhanced the targeting specificity. Loading both MTX and siRNA to carboxyl-SWCNT enhanced targeting specificity to neutrophils and monocytes but not B cells. The targeting specificity of SWCNTs can potentially be adjusted by altering the ratio of MTX and siRNA loaded. The combined results show that carbon nanotubes have the potential for delivery of cargo drugs specifically to immune cells involved in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.