SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Australian Experiences of Out-of-Pocket Costs and Financial Burden Following a Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expanding the Catalog of Patient and Caregiver Out-of-Pocket Costs: A Systematic Literature Review.Population health management · 2024Pooled it
- Financial toxicity experienced by patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema: a systematic review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Pooled it
- The financial burden of cancer: A longitudinal analysis of out-of-pocket healthcare costs in Australia (2009-2021).Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- A Health Navigator intervention to identify and respond to the health-related social needs of an Australian population living with cancer: a mixed-methods feasibility study.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Out-of-Pocket Costs and Financial Toxicity Associated With the Surgical Management of Oesophageal Cancer.ANZ journal of surgery · 2026Article
- Cancer survivor preferences for breast cancer follow-up care: a discrete choice experiment.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- What counts as a core intervention component? Developing the Core-FAST (Fidelity and Adaptation for Scaling up Tool) plug-in.Implementation science communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Beyond Treatment, Understanding the Holistic Needs of Cancer Patients and Family Caregivers: A Qualitative Study from the Perspectives of Patients, Family Caregivers, and Health Care Providers.Cancer management and research · 2026Article
- Metastatic Cervical Cancer in the Asia-Pacific Region: Current Treatment Landscape and Barriers.Cancer research communications · 2025Article
- Association of financial hardship and survival in working-age patients following cancer diagnosis in Taiwan.The oncologist · 2025Article
- The impact of financial toxicity on quality of life for survivors of primary brain tumour.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Out-of-pocket costs for patients diagnosed with high-grade glioma and their carers.Neuro-oncology practice · 2025Article
- Dietitians' practices and perspectives of the delivery of nutritional care to cancer survivors in the primary care setting.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- "It was time I could have spent better"-the barriers, enablers, and recommendations for improving access to financial aid when a child has cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- Association between volume and cost in low-resection volume regions: a population-level study on pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer patients.ANZ journal of surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Financial toxicity, family resilience and symptom burden in liver cancer patients: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Incidence of cancer-related lymphoedema: a protocol for a living systematic review with meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
(1) Background: This systematic review was conducted to identify cancer patient experiences, and the impact of out-of-pocket costs and financial burden in Australia. (2) Methods: A systematic review, following the Preferring Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, was conducted. Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature and PubMed were searched. The primary outcome was financial burden among cancer patients and their families in Australia. The secondary outcome was out-of-pocket costs associated with cancer care and treatment within the population sample, and the impact of financial burden. (3) Results: Nineteen studies were included, covering more than 70,000 Australians affected by cancer. Out-of-pocket costs varied by cancer type and ranged from an average of AUD 977 for breast cancer and lymphoedema patients to AUD 11,077 for prostate cancer patients. Younger aged patients (≤65 years), Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people in rural and/or remote areas, households with low income, those who were unemployed and people with private health insurance were at increased risk of experiencing out-of-pocket costs, financial burden or a combination of both. (4) Conclusions: Australians diagnosed with cancer frequently experience financial burden, and the health and financial consequences are significant. Focusing efforts on the costs of care and options about where to have care within the context of informed decisions about cancer care is necessary.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.