ReviewBrain sciences2021
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Tool to Investigate Motor Cortex Excitability in Sport.
Review in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Corticospinal effects and motor performance changes following resistance training in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- A study on the effects of exercise training on cortical excitability in athletes: a meta-analysis based on TMS measurements.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Influence of combined transcranial and peripheral electromagnetic stimulation on the autonomous nerve system on delayed onset muscle soreness in young athletes: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- The Effect of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation on Running Performance and Inertial Measurement Unit-Derived Spatiotemporal Parameters in Endurance-Trained Runners.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Biochemical Pathways of Neuroplasticity in Sport Skill Acquisition: From Neuroscience to Coaching Practice.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Neural Efficiency and Sensorimotor Adaptations in Swimming Athletes: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging and Cognitive-Behavioral Evidence for Performance and Wellbeing.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Acute Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined with High-Load Resistance Exercises on Repetitive Vertical Jump Performance and EEG Characteristics in Healthy Men.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exercise-Induced Central Fatigue: Biomarkers and Non-Medicinal Interventions.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Relationship between Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation and Autonomic Nervous System.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The Effectiveness of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treating Apraxia.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Associations of physical fitness with cortical inhibition and excitation in adolescents and young adults.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Advances in non-invasive brain stimulation: enhancing sports performance function and insights into exercise science.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on bilateral asymmetry and joint angles of the lower limb for females when crossing obstacles.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Corticospinal Adaptation to Short-Term Horizontal Balance Perturbation Training.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Effects of prolonged local vibration superimposed to muscle contraction on motoneuronal and cortical excitability.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Response to experimental cold-induced pain discloses a resistant category among endurance athletes, with a distinct profile of pain-related behavior and GABAergic EEG markers: a case-control preliminary study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Reliability of TMS measurements using conventional hand-hold method with different numbers of stimuli for tibialis anterior muscle in healthy adults.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2022Article
- Impact of a Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse on Corticomotor Excitability after Mental Fatigue in Healthy College-Aged Subjects.Brain sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation, since its introduction in 1985, has brought important innovations to the study of cortical excitability as it is a non-invasive method and, therefore, can be used both in healthy and sick subjects. Since the introduction of this cortical stimulation technique, it has been possible to deepen the neurophysiological aspects of motor activation and control. In this narrative review, we want to provide a brief overview regarding TMS as a tool to investigate changes in cortex excitability in athletes and highlight how this tool can be used to investigate the acute and chronic responses of the motor cortex in sport science. The parameters that could be used for the evaluation of cortical excitability and the relative relationship with motor coordination and muscle fatigue, will be also analyzed. Repetitive physical training is generally considered as a principal strategy for acquiring a motor skill, and this process can elicit cortical motor representational changes referred to as use-dependent plasticity. In training settings, physical practice combined with the observation of target movements can enhance cortical excitability and facilitate the process of learning. The data to date suggest that TMS is a valid technique to investigate the changes in motor cortex excitability in trained and untrained subjects. Recently, interest in the possible ergogenic effect of non-invasive brain stimulation in sport is growing and therefore in the future it could be useful to conduct new experiments to evaluate the impact on learning and motor performance of these techniques.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.