ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Pattern of Respiratory Viruses among Pilgrims during 2019 Hajj Season Who Sought Healthcare Due to Severe Respiratory Symptoms.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of viral respiratory pathogens circulation among Iranian pilgrims during two large religious mass gatherings: the Hajj and Arbaeen walk 2025.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Article
- Respiratory symptoms, preventive practices, and antibiotic use during Hajj: A post-pandemic cross-sectional survey among Malaysian pilgrims.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunization Strategies for Older Adults in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Expert Consensus and Recommendations.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Saudi Heart Association Position Statement on Adult Vaccinations for Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases.Journal of the Saudi Heart Association · 2025Article
- Detection of COVID-19 incidence among attendees of the 2022 Hajj season.IJID regions · 2024Article
- Review
- Dynamic Patterns and Predominance of Respiratory Pathogens Post-COVID-19: Insights from a Two-Year Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Article
- Genetic diversity and molecular analysis of human influenza virus among pilgrims during Hajj.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Epidemiological Differences in Hajj-Acquired Airborne Infections in Pilgrims Arriving from Low and Middle-Income versus High-Income Countries: A Systematised Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Low Prevalence of Syndromic Respiratory Tract Infections among Returning Hajj Pilgrims Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Post-Hajj Survey.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Genotypes of Human Rhinoviruses among Iranian Hajj Pilgrims with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection.Tanaffos · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of our study was to define the spectrum of viral infections in pilgrims with acute respiratory tract illnesses presenting to healthcare facilities around the holy places in Makkah, Saudi Arabia during the 2019 Hajj pilgrimage. During the five days of Hajj, a total of 185 pilgrims were enrolled in the study. Nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs) of 126/185 patients (68.11%) tested positive for one or more respiratory viruses by PCR. Among the 126 pilgrims whose NPS were PCR positive: (a) there were 93/126 (74%) with a single virus infection, (b) 33/126 (26%) with coinfection with more than one virus (up to four viruses): of these, 25/33 cases had coinfection with two viruses; 6/33 were infected with three viruses, while the remaining 2/33 patients had infection with four viruses. Human rhinovirus (HRV) was the most common detected viruses with 53 cases (42.06%), followed by 27 (21.43%) cases of influenza A (H1N1), and 23 (18.25%) cases of influenza A other than H1N1. Twenty-five cases of CoV-229E (19.84%) were detected more than other coronavirus members (5 CoV-OC43 (3.97%), 4 CoV-HKU1 (3.17%), and 1 CoV-NL63 (0.79%)). PIV-3 was detected in 8 cases (6.35%). A single case (0.79%) of PIV-1 and PIV-4 were found. HMPV represented 5 (3.97%), RSV and influenza B 4 (3.17%) for each, and Parechovirus 1 (0.79%). Enterovirus, Bocavirus, and
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