ReviewCancers2021
Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Harboring Microsatellite Instability or Mismatch Repair Deficiency.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Immune microenvironment evolution across the serrated neoplasia pathway and its relevance to immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Breaching the immune-cold barrier in pMMR/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer: emerging strategies beyond standard care.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota and Ferroptosis in Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Immune Checkpoint Resistance.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Genetic, Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Trajectories in Colon and Rectal Cancers.Cancers · 2025Review
- Real-world characteristics and outcomes of patients with BRAFESMO real world data and digital oncology · 2025Article
- Dendritic cell membrane-based DCsLipo@MnOMaterials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Prognostic Features and Potential for Immune Therapy in Metastatic Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of a Large Consecutive Population-Based Patient Series.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- PD-L1 expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and mismatch repair proteins status in digestive neuroendocrine neoplasms: exploring their potential role as theragnostic and prognostic biomarkers.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2024Article
- Review
- Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2024Review
- Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer with deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability: misdiagnosis, pseudoprogression and/or tumor heterogeneity?Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Review
- Lynch Syndrome-Associated Glioblastoma Treated With Concomitant Chemoradiotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Case Report and Review of Literature.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2024Article
- Review
- Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy: State of the Art and Future Directions.Gastro hep advances · 2023Article
- Locally advanced rectal cancer patients with mismatch repair protein deficiency can obtain better pathological response after regional chemoembolization.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Case report: Preclinical efficacy of NEDD8 and proteasome inhibitors in patient-derived models of signet ring high-grade mucinous colorectal cancer from a Lynch syndrome patient.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Neoantigens and their clinical applications in human gastrointestinal cancers.World journal of surgical oncology · 2022Review
- Article
- Development of novel models for predicting mismatch repair protein deficiency and relevant disease-free survival in colorectal cancer patients.International journal of colorectal disease · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a tumor phenotype related to a deficient DNA mismatch repair system (dMMR). This phenotype, observed in 5% of metastatic mCRC but 10-18% of localized CRC, is associated with high tumor mutational burden with highly immunogenic neoantigens. It has emerged as a major predictive biomarker for the efficacy of ICIs. In this review, we will present a comprehensive overview of the literature concerning the efficacy of ICIs in MSI/dMMR mCRC, with a focus on new developments in first-line metastatic setting. Then, we will present current and future challenges of immuno-oncology for patients with MSI/dMMR metastatic CRC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.