ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Validity and Reliability of the Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index for the Diagnosis of Temporomandibular Disorders.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07371143 (Turkish Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability of the Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Turkish Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability of the Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- A randomized controlled clinical trial of concentrated growth factor combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- Article
- Factors associated with tooth wear in a Swedish adult population: a cross‑sectional study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Evaluation of TMJ Dysfunction, Postural Control, and Adaptive Skills in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Functional and oral health-related quality-of-life outcomes 12 months after disc repositioning in women with refractory bilateral disc displacement without reduction.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026Article
- Postural habits & awareness and its relationship to pain, functionality, cervical muscle endurance & position sense in temporomandibular joint disorders.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Validation of the Modified Helkimo Clinical Index for Diagnosing Temporomandibular Disorders in a Romanian Patient Sample.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis: Long-Term Outcomes with One-Stage Resection and Reconstruction Using Total Joint Alloplastic Replacement-A 20-Year Experience.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Association Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and Temporomandibular Dysfunction: An Analysis Based on the Modified Helkimo Index.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Effects of Different Treatment Methods Used in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis on the Trabecular and Cortical Structure of the Mandible.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Portuguese translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the temporomandibular joint scale: a cross-sectional study.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2024Article
- A case of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: multidisciplinary treatment and autoimmune etiological hypothesis.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Effect of pain on cranio-cervico-mandibular function and postural stability in people with temporomandibular joint disorders.The Korean journal of pain · 2024Article
- It Is Time for a Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Approach: A Scoping Review on Stomatognathic Diseases in Neurological Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Psychometric Evaluation of the Krogh-Poulsen Test for the Diagnosis of the Temporomandibular Disorders.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Predictability and Accuracy of the Short-Form Fonseca Anamnestic Index in Relation to the Modified Helkimo Index for the Diagnosis of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community DentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index (HCDI) is a simple and quick test used to evaluate subjects affected by temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and its psychometric properties have not been tested. The test evaluates movement, joint function, pain and musculature, providing a quick general overview that could be very useful at different levels of care. For this reason, the aim of this study was to validate the use of the HCDI in a sample of patients with TMD.
methodsThe sample consisted of 107 subjects, 60 TMD patients and 47 healthy controls. The study evaluated concurrent validity, inter-rater concordance and predictive values.
resultsThe HCDI showed moderate to substantial inter-rater concordance among the items and excellent concordance for the total scores. The correlation with other TMD assessment tests was high, the correlation with dizziness was moderate and the correlation with neck pain, headache and overall quality of life was poor. The prediction of TMD showed a sensitivity of 86.67%, a specificity of 68.09% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.841.
conclusionsThe HCDI is a valid and reliable assessment instrument; its clinimetric properties are adequate, and it has a good ability to discriminate between TMD-affected and TMD-unaffected subjects.
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