ArticleViruses2021
Common Oral Medications Lead to Prophage Induction in Bacterial Isolates from the Human Gut.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Remodelling of the gut virome after long-term fasting.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
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- Tools and approaches to study the human gut virome: from the bench to bioinformatics.mSystems · 2026Review
- Species-specific prophage induction by ciprofloxacin in human gut metagenomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Gut virome dynamics: from commensal to critical player in health and disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Beyond bacterial dysbiosis: the emerging role of gut bacteriophages in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Bacteriophage therapy beyond antibiotics: emerging innovations for infectious and non-infectious diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Prophages and their interactions with lytic phages in the human gut microbiota and their impact on microbial diversity, gut health, and disease.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Review
- Integrated Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- A φSa3int (NM3) Prophage Domestication inMedComm · 2025Article
- Gut virome: New key players in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.World journal of methodology · 2025Review
- The Current Landscape of Phage-Antibiotic Synergistic (PAS) Interactions.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Abundance measurements reveal the balance between lysis and lysogeny in the human gut microbiome.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- Filamentous bacteriophage M13 induces proinflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells.Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- Prophages in the infant gut are pervasively induced and may modulate the functionality of their hosts.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Prophage-DB: a comprehensive database to explore diversity, distribution, and ecology of prophages.Environmental microbiome · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many bacteria carry bacteriophages (bacterial viruses) integrated in their genomes in the form of prophages, which replicate passively alongside their bacterial host. Environmental conditions can lead to prophage induction; the switching from prophage replication to lytic replication, that results in new bacteriophage progeny and the lysis of the bacterial host. Despite their abundance in the gut, little is known about what could be inducing these prophages. We show that several medications, at concentrations predicted in the gut, lead to prophage induction of bacterial isolates from the human gut. We tested five medication classes (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, chemotherapy, mild analgesic, cardiac, and antibiotic) for antimicrobial activity against eight prophage-carrying human gut bacterial representative isolates in vitro. Seven out of eight bacteria showed signs of growth inhibition in response to at least one medication. All medications led to growth inhibition of at least one bacterial isolate. Prophage induction was confirmed in half of the treatments showing antimicrobial activity. Unlike antibiotics, host-targeted medications led to a species-specific induction of
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.