ArticleStem cell reports2021
Autophagy-Mediated Activation of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Driven by Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived IL-15.
Article in Stem cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Redefining cell therapy: CAR-engineered innate immune cells to conquer solid and hematologic malignancies.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory effects of HUC-MSCs therapy: enhancing adaptive and innate immune responses in aging frailty.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Control of MAIT cell functions by cytokines in health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal stem cells and their derived small extracellular vesicles for COVID-19 treatment.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like unconventional T cells that are abundant in humans and have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial regulators of immune cells. However, whether MAIT cells are regulated by MSCs is unclear. Here, we explored the effect of MSCs on MAIT cells and revealed the underlying mechanism. We found that MSCs did not influence the proliferation of MAIT cells but strikingly induced an activated phenotype with an increased expression of CD69, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and granzyme B. Moreover, MSCs activated MAIT cells in a TCR-MR1-independent mechanism through MSC-secreted IL-15. We revealed that MSC-derived IL-15 activated MAIT cells by enhancing autophagy activity, which was abolished by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Based on our findings, MAIT cells are activated by MSCs through IL-15-induced autophagy, which may help elucidate the mechanisms underlying some immune responses and diseases and provide guidance for future research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.