ReviewAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2021
Visualization of neurofibrillary tangle maturity in Alzheimer's disease: A clinicopathologic perspective for biomarker research.
Review in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 212 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
212 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The biological scaling of Alzheimer's disease neuropathological changes across primate species.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- The Footprint ofCurrent Alzheimer research · 2025Pooled it
- Shaping the future of preclinical development of successful disease-modifying drugs against Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of tau propagation models.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2024Pooled it
- The hippocampal sparing subtype of Alzheimer's disease assessed in neuropathology and in vivo tau positron emission tomography: a systematic review.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Pooled it
- The relationship of soluble tau species with Alzheimer's disease amyloid plaque removal and tau pathology.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Oxidative stress and inflammation in neurodegenerative disorders.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic Signatures of Microglial Phagocytosis Reveal Diagnostic Markers and Immune Landscape in Alzheimer's Disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Learning precise segmentation of neurofibrillary tangles from rapid manual point annotations.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- CSF p-tau205: a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease progression and biological staging.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cofactor-Free Tau Filaments Are Dynamic and Undergo Structural Evolution Driven by Thermodynamic Control.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- Long-term amyloid aggregation kinetic assay and rapid amyloid clustering enabled by programmable microdroplet water extraction.Science advances · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence-based 3D segmentation of tangle-associated TDP-43 in neurodegeneration.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Virus-Like-Particle-Based Conjugate Vaccine Targeting the Microtubule Binding Region of Tau Protein.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Patient-derived tau-seeded human neuronal chimeras recapitulate mature Alzheimer's tau pathology and uncover human-specific neuronal vulnerability.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Primary cilia-extracellular vesicle crosstalk in Alzheimer's disease: Emerging mechanisms and biomarker potential.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Behavioral and Biochemical Evaluation of a Curcumin-Loaded Nano-Liposomal Formulation in a Scopolamine-Induced Mouse Model of Cognitive Impairment.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Evaluation of CSF and plasma tau species as fluid surrogate candidates for tau PET in prodromal to moderate Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Distinct regional patterns of synaptic vulnerability across hippocampal and parahippocampal subregions in Alzheimer's disease.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Elimination of tau tangles and soluble aggregates with the small molecule ACI-16664 prevents neurodegeneration in vivo.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
152 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neurofibrillary tangles, one of the neuropathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, have a dynamic lifespan of maturity that associates with progressive neuronal dysfunction and cognitive deficits. As neurofibrillary tangles mature, the biology of the neuron undergoes extensive changes that may impact biomarker recognition and therapeutic targeting. Neurofibrillary tangle maturity encompasses three levels: pretangles, mature tangles, and ghost tangles. In this review, we detail distinct and overlapping characteristics observed in the human brain regarding morphologic changes the neuron undergoes, conversion from intracellular to extracellular space, tau immunostaining patterns, and tau isoform expression changes across the lifespan of the neurofibrillary tangle. Post-translational modifications of tau such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, conformational events, and truncations are discussed to contextualize tau immunostaining patterns. We summarize accumulated and emerging knowledge of neurofibrillary tangle maturity, discuss the current tools used to interpret the dynamic nature in the postmortem brain, and consider implications for cognitive dysfunction and tau biomarkers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.