Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33795838›Full record

ArticleOncogene2021

FOXO3 is a latent tumor suppressor for FOXO3-positive and cytoplasmic-type gastric cancer cells.

Toshikatsu Tsuji, Yusuke Maeda, Kenji Kita, Kazuhiro Murakami, Hideyuki Saya, Hirofumi Takemura, Noriyuki Inaki, Masanobu Oshima, Hiroko Oshima

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oncogene, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Longevity-associatedTranslational lung cancer research · 2026
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  9. CircFoxo3 knockdown inhibit gastric cancer progression by regulating Foxo3.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. DAF-16/FOXO maintains genome integrity following genotoxic stress.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Toshikatsu Tsuji *Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Yusuke Maeda *Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Kenji KitaCentral Research Resource Branch, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-6633
Kazuhiro MurakamiDivision of Stem Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Hideyuki SayaDivision of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6610-1902
Hirofumi TakemuraDepartment of Thoracic, Cardiovascular and General Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Noriyuki InakiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4241-5015
Masanobu OshimaDivision of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3304-0004
Hiroko OshimaDivision of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan. hoshima@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6855-4008
Kanazawa University · JPKeio University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

FOXO3 is a member of the FOXO transcription factors thought to play a tumor-suppressor role in gastrointestinal cancer, while tumor-promoting function of FOXO3 has also been reported. These results suggest a context-dependent function of FOXO3 in tumor development. However, the relationship between the FOXO3 expression pattern and its role in tumorigenesis has not been elucidated. We examined the FOXO3 expression in 65 human primary gastric cancer and patient-derived xenograft tissues by immunohistochemistry and identified three subtypes according to subcellular localization: FOXO3-nuclear accumulated (FOXO3-Nuc), FOXO3-nuclear/cytoplasmic or cytoplasmic distributed (FOXO3-Cyt), and FOXO3-negative. In the FOXO3-Cyt gastric cancer cells, the expression of the constitutive active mutant FOXO3 (Act-ER FOXO3) induced the nuclear accumulation of FOXO3 and significantly suppressed colony formation and proliferation. The inhibition of the PI3K-AKT pathway by inhibitor treatment also suppressed the proliferation of FOXO3-Cyt gastric cancer cells, which was associated with the nuclear accumulation of endogenous FOXO3. Furthermore, the expression of Act-ER FOXO3 by an endogenous promoter significantly suppressed gastric tumorigenesis in Gan mice, a model of gastric cancer. Finally, treatment of FOXO3-Cyt human gastric cancer-derived organoids with an AKT inhibitor significantly suppressed the survival and proliferation. These results indicate that FOXO3 is a latent tumor suppressor for FOXO3-Cyt-type gastric cancer cells and that activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway protects this type of gastric cancer cell from FOXO3-mediated growth suppression via constitutive nuclear export. Thus, the inhibition of the PI3K-AKT pathway and nuclear translocation of endogenous FOXO3 may have therapeutic applications in the treatment of FOXO3-positive and cytoplasmic-type gastric cancer.

Indexed as

CytoplasmForkhead Box Protein O3Stomach NeoplasmsAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell NucleusCell ProliferationFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMicePhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktSignal TransductionForkhead Box Protein O3FOXO3 protein, humanPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt

Identifiers

PMID33795838
PMCPMC8084732
OpenAlexW3151554208

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.