ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
Nanoanalytical analysis of bisphosphonate-driven alterations of microcalcifications using a 3D hydrogel system and in vivo mouse model.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiovascular Safety and Effectiveness of Bisphosphonates: From Intervention Trials to Real-Life Data.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Bisphosphonates use is associated with increased coronary artery calcification in the general population: The Rotterdam study.Atherosclerosis plus · 2026Article
- Emerging Gel Technologies for Atherosclerosis Research and Intervention.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Upconverting Nanoparticle-Loaded Microneedles for Near-Infrared Responsive Delivery of Gonadotropins to Increase Success of In Vitro Fertilization.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Vascular calcification: from the perspective of crosstalk.Molecular biomedicine · 2023Review
- Altered Caveolin-1 Dynamics Result in Divergent Mineralization Responses in Bone and Vascular Calcification.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular Calcification Heterogeneity in Chronic Kidney Disease.Circulation research · 2023Review
- Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition prevents vascular calcifying extracellular vesicle biogenesis.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023Article
- The Time-Dependent Role of Bisphosphonates on Atherosclerotic Plaque Calcification.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Article
- EMbedding and Backscattered Scanning Electron Microscopy: A Detailed Protocol for the Whole-Specimen, High-Resolution Analysis of Cardiovascular Tissues.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Vascular calcification predicts atherosclerotic plaque rupture and cardiovascular events. Retrospective studies of women taking bisphosphonates (BiPs), a proposed therapy for vascular calcification, showed that BiPs paradoxically increased morbidity in patients with prior acute cardiovascular events but decreased mortality in event-free patients. Calcifying extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by cells within atherosclerotic plaques, aggregate and nucleate calcification. We hypothesized that BiPs block EV aggregation and modify existing mineral growth, potentially altering microcalcification morphology and the risk of plaque rupture. Three-dimensional (3D) collagen hydrogels incubated with calcifying EVs were used to mimic fibrous cap calcification in vitro, while an ApoE
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.