ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2021
The tolerance to hypoxia is defined by a time-sensitive response of the gene regulatory network in sea urchin embryos.
Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- microRNA-1 regulates sea urchin skeletogenesis by directly targeting skeletogenic genes and modulating components of signaling pathways.Developmental biology · 2024Article
- Distinct regulatory states control the elongation of individual skeletal rods in the sea urchin embryo.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2022Article
- The Evolution of Biomineralization through the Co-Option of Organic Scaffold Forming Networks.Cells · 2022Review
- Two Benthic Diatoms,Marine drugs · 2021Article
- microRNA-31 regulates skeletogenesis by direct suppression of Eve and Wnt1.Developmental biology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Deoxygenation, the reduction of oxygen level in the oceans induced by global warming and anthropogenic disturbances, is a major threat to marine life. This change in oxygen level could be especially harmful to marine embryos that use endogenous hypoxia and redox gradients as morphogens during normal development. Here, we show that the tolerance to hypoxic conditions changes between different developmental stages of the sea urchin embryo, possibly due to the structure of the gene regulatory networks (GRNs). We demonstrate that during normal development, the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway restricts the activity of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway to two lateral domains and this restriction controls proper skeletal patterning. Hypoxia applied during early development strongly perturbs the activity of Nodal and BMP pathways that affect the VEGF pathway, dorsal-ventral (DV) and skeletogenic patterning. These pathways are largely unaffected by hypoxia applied after DV-axis formation. We propose that the use of redox and hypoxia as morphogens makes the sea urchin embryo highly sensitive to environmental hypoxia during early development, but the GRN structure provides higher tolerance to hypoxia at later stages.
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