Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33795039›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2021

COVID-19 in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease.

Craig S Broberg, Adrienne H Kovacs, Soraya Sadeghi, Marlon S Rosenbaum, Matthew J Lewis, Matthew R Carazo, Fred H Rodriguez, Dan G Halpern, Jodi Feinberg, Francisca Arancibia Galilea and 59 more

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Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Daily issues in the life of adults with congenital heart disease: new insights from EURO-ACHD Congress 2025.European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology · 2026
    Article
  6. Remdesivir in COVID-19: pros and cons.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Observational
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Arrhythmia and COVID-19 in children.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

69 authors.

Craig S BrobergKnight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Adrienne H KovacsKnight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Soraya SadeghiAhmanson/UCLA Adult Congenital Heart Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Marlon S RosenbaumDivision of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Matthew J LewisDivision of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Matthew R CarazoDivision of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Fred H RodriguezDivision of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Dan G HalpernDivision of Cardiology, York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Jodi FeinbergDivision of Cardiology, York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Francisca Arancibia GalileaInstituto Nacional del Tórax - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Fernando BaraonaInstituto Nacional del Tórax - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Ari M CedarsDivision of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Jong M KoDivision of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Prashob PorayetteDivision of Cardiology, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Jennifer MaldonadoDivision of Cardiology, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Berardo SarubbiMonaldi Hospital, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Unit, Naples, Italy.
Flavia FuscoMonaldi Hospital, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Unit, Naples, Italy.
Alexandra A FrogoudakiSecond Cardiology Department, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Amiram NirShaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Anisa ChaudhryPenn State Hershey Heart and Vascular Institute, State College, Pennsylvania, USA.
Anitha S JohnDivision of Cardiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Arsha KarbassiMcMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Arvind K HoskoppalUPMC Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Benjamin P FrischhertzDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Benjamin HendricksonUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center, Le Bonheur Heart Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Berto J BoumaDepartment of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Carla P Rodriguez-MonserrateDepartment of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Christopher R BrodaDepartment of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Daniel ToblerDivision of Cardiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
David GreggDivision of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
Efren Martinez-QuintanaCardiology Service, Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Elizabeth YeungAnschutz Medical Campus, Colorado's Adult and Teen Congenital Heart Program, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Eric V KriegerDivision of Cardiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Francisco J Ruperti-RepiladoDivision of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
George GiannakoulasCardiology Department, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
George K LuiDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Georges EphremIndiana University School of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Harsimran S SinghWeill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, New York, New York, USA.
Hassan Mk AlmeneisiCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Heather L BartlettDepartment of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Ian LindsayDivision of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Jasmine GrewalUniversity of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Colombia, Canada.
Jeremy NicolarsenProvidence Adult and Teen Congenital Heart Program, Pediatric and Adult Cardiology, Spokane, Washington, USA.
John J AraujoDepartment of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Somer Incare Cardiovascular Center, Rionegro, Colombia.
Jonathan W CramerDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Judith BouchardyDepartment of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Khalid Al NajashiPediatric Cardiology Department, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Kristi RyanOSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois, Adult Congenital Heart Program, Peoria, Illinois, USA.
Laith AlshawabkehDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Lauren AndradeDivision of Cardiology, Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Magalie LadouceurHôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Unit, Paris, France.
Markus SchwerzmannUniversity Hospital Inselspital, Center for Congenital Heart Disease, Bern, Switzerland.
Matthias GreutmannDepartment of Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Pablo MerasUniversity Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
Paolo FerreroASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Cardiovascular Department, University of Milano, Bergamo, Italy.
Payam DehghaniPrairie Vascular Research Network, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Poyee P TungUniversity of Texas at Houston, Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Houston, Texas, USA.
Rocio Garcia-OrtaCardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.
Rose O TompkinsCedars-Sinai Medical Center, The Geurin Family Congenital Heart Program, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Salwa M GendiWest Virginia University, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
Scott CohenMedical College of Wisconsin, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Scott KlewerDivision of Cardiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Sebastien HascoetHôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France.
Shabnam MohammadzadehTehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shailendra UpadhyayConnecticut Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Cardiology Hartford, Connecticut, USA.
Stacy D FisherDepartment of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Stephen CookHelen DeVos Children's Hospital, Adult Congenital Heart Center, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.
Timothy B CottsDepartment of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Jamil A AboulhosnAhmanson/UCLA Adult Congenital Heart Center, Los Angeles, California, USA. Electronic address: aboulhosn@mednet.ucla.edu.

Funding

RESEARCH METHODS IN PEDIATRICS HEART DISEASET32HL007572 · NHLBI · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON · PI Sarah D DE FERRANTI, Jane W. Newburger · 1985 to 2026
$13.0M
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007572
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdults with congenital heart disease (CHD) have been considered potentially high risk for novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) mortality or other complications.

objectivesThis study sought to define the impact of COVID-19 in adults with CHD and to identify risk factors associated with adverse outcomes.

methodsAdults (age 18 years or older) with CHD and with confirmed or clinically suspected COVID-19 were included from CHD centers worldwide. Data collection included anatomic diagnosis and subsequent interventions, comorbidities, medications, echocardiographic findings, presenting symptoms, course of illness, and outcomes. Predictors of death or severe infection were determined.

resultsFrom 58 adult CHD centers, the study included 1,044 infected patients (age: 35.1 ± 13.0 years; range 18 to 86 years; 51% women), 87% of whom had laboratory-confirmed coronavirus infection. The cohort included 118 (11%) patients with single ventricle and/or Fontan physiology, 87 (8%) patients with cyanosis, and 73 (7%) patients with pulmonary hypertension. There were 24 COVID-related deaths (case/fatality: 2.3%; 95% confidence interval: 1.4% to 3.2%). Factors associated with death included male sex, diabetes, cyanosis, pulmonary hypertension, renal insufficiency, and previous hospital admission for heart failure. Worse physiological stage was associated with mortality (p = 0.001), whereas anatomic complexity or defect group were not.

conclusionsCOVID-19 mortality in adults with CHD is commensurate with the general population. The most vulnerable patients are those with worse physiological stage, such as cyanosis and pulmonary hypertension, whereas anatomic complexity does not appear to predict infection severity.

Indexed as

Cardiac Surgical ProceduresCOVID-19CyanosisHeart Defects, CongenitalHypertension, PulmonaryAdultCausalityComorbidityCOVID-19 TestingFemaleGlobal HealthHospitalizationHumansMaleMortalityPatient Acuityadult congenital heart diseasecoronavirusCOVID-19hospitalization

Identifiers

PMID33795039
PMCPMC8006800

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.