ArticlePLoS biology2021
Anesthetics fragment hippocampal network activity, alter spine dynamics, and affect memory consolidation.
Article in PLoS biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolution and Reorganization of the Hierarchical Brain-wide Neuronal Network Through Anesthesia.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Cellular and Microcircuit Mechanisms of Anesthetic Disruption of Conscious-State Organization.Cells · 2026Review
- Anti-NMDAR encephalitis impairs intrinsic hippocampal dynamics through neuronal hypercoupling, hub dominance, and aberrant ensembles.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Janus Face of Isoflurane: A Dose-Age-Response Model of Cognitive Impact.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Functional synaptic connectivity shapes spine stability in the hippocampus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Anesthetic Neuroprotection Based on Ion-Channel-Modulating Drugs in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury.Cureus · 2026Review
- Wakefulness regulation of memory encoding and retrieval: structure and activity.National science review · 2026Review
- Channel-specific differential effects of bacterial mechanosensitive channels for ultrasound neuromodulation in precision sonogenetics.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Synchrony, oscillations, and phase relationships in collective neuronal activity: A highly comparative overview of methods.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Insight into molecular and neural mechanisms of general anesthesia from the invertebrate modelZoological research · 2025Review
- Neural Network Mechanisms Underlying General Anesthesia: Cortical and Subcortical Nuclei.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Review
- Sequential Deactivation Across the Hippocampus-Thalamus-mPFC Pathway During Loss of Consciousness.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Instability of excitatory synapses in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and the outcome for excitatory circuit inputs to individual cortical neurons.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Correlation between desynchrony of hippocampal neural activity and hyperlocomotion in the model mice of schizophrenia and therapeutic effects of aripiprazole.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Centripetal integration of past events in hippocampal astrocytes regulated by locus coeruleus.Nature neuroscience · 2024Article
- Electrophysiological activity pattern of mouse hippocampal CA1 and dentate gyrus under isoflurane anesthesia.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Machines, mathematics, and modules: the potential to provide real-time metrics for pain under anesthesia.Neurophotonics · 2024Article
- Assessment of the effect of tricaine (MS-222)-induced anesthesia on brain-wide neuronal activity of zebrafish (Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- The effects of acute Methylene Blue administration on cerebral blood flow and metabolism in humans and rats.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
General anesthesia is characterized by reversible loss of consciousness accompanied by transient amnesia. Yet, long-term memory impairment is an undesirable side effect. How different types of general anesthetics (GAs) affect the hippocampus, a brain region central to memory formation and consolidation, is poorly understood. Using extracellular recordings, chronic 2-photon imaging, and behavioral analysis, we monitor the effects of isoflurane (Iso), medetomidine/midazolam/fentanyl (MMF), and ketamine/xylazine (Keta/Xyl) on network activity and structural spine dynamics in the hippocampal CA1 area of adult mice. GAs robustly reduced spiking activity, decorrelated cellular ensembles, albeit with distinct activity signatures, and altered spine dynamics. CA1 network activity under all 3 anesthetics was different to natural sleep. Iso anesthesia most closely resembled unperturbed activity during wakefulness and sleep, and network alterations recovered more readily than with Keta/Xyl and MMF. Correspondingly, memory consolidation was impaired after exposure to Keta/Xyl and MMF, but not Iso. Thus, different anesthetics distinctly alter hippocampal network dynamics, synaptic connectivity, and memory consolidation, with implications for GA strategy appraisal in animal research and clinical settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.