Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33793189›Full record

ArticleACS nano2021

Nano-Enabled COVID-19 Vaccines: Meeting the Challenges of Durable Antibody Plus Cellular Immunity and Immune Escape.

André E Nel, Jeff F Miller

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ACS nano, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Application of nanoparticles in antibody drug delivery.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
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  14. Nanotechnology and COVID-19:Journal of nanoparticle research : an interdisciplinary forum for nanoscale science and technology · 2022
    Review
  15. Article
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  17. A comprehensive review on efficient approaches for combating coronaviruses.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2021
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

André E NelDivision of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5232-4686
Jeff F MillerCalifornia NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
California NanoSystems Institute · US

Funding

Use of a Nano-Enabled Platform for Pancreatic Cancer ImmunotherapyR01CA247666 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI NEL, ANDRE ELIAS, ZINK, JEFFREY I · 2020 to 2024
$2.6M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA247666
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

At the time of preparing this Perspective, large-scale vaccination for COVID-19 is in progress, aiming to bring the pandemic under control through vaccine-induced herd immunity. Not only does this vaccination effort represent an unprecedented scientific and technological breakthrough, moving us from the rapid analysis of viral genomes to design, manufacture, clinical trial testing, and use authorization within the time frame of less than a year, but it also highlights rapid progress in the implementation of nanotechnology to assist vaccine development. These advances enable us to deliver nucleic acid and conformation-stabilized subunit vaccines to regional lymph nodes, with the ability to trigger effective humoral and cellular immunity that prevents viral infection or controls disease severity. In addition to a brief description of the design features of unique cationic lipid and virus-mimicking nanoparticles for accomplishing spike protein delivery and presentation by the cognate immune system, we also discuss the importance of adjuvancy and design features to promote cooperative B- and T-cell interactions in lymph node germinal centers, including the use of epitope-based vaccines. Although current vaccine efforts have demonstrated short-term efficacy and vaccine safety, key issues are now vaccine durability and adaptability against viral variants. We present a forward-looking perspective of how vaccine design can be adapted to improve durability of the immune response and vaccine adaptation to overcome immune escape by viral variants. Finally, we consider the impact of nano-enabled approaches in the development of COVID-19 vaccines for improved vaccine design against other infectious agents, including pathogens that may lead to future pandemics.

Indexed as

COVID-19Viral VaccinesAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesHumansImmunity, CellularPandemicsSARS-CoV-2VaccinationAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesViral Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID33793189
PMCPMC8029448
OpenAlexW3142342420

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.