Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33791459›Full record

ArticleFuture healthcare journal2021

Implicit bias in healthcare: clinical practice, research and decision making.

Dipesh P Gopal, Ula Chetty, Patrick O'Donnell, Camille Gajria, Jodie Blackadder-Weinstein

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Future healthcare journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
137citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

137 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Guideline
  3. Pooled it
  4. Efficacy of interventions aimed at reducing explicit and implicit weight bias in healthcare students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
    Pooled it
  5. A Brief Online Implicit Bias Intervention for School Mental Health Clinicians.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Trial
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Implicit Bias in Health Professionals: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Dipesh P GopalBarts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
Ula ChettyUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Patrick O'DonnellUniversity of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Camille GajriaImperial College London, London, UK.
Jodie Blackadder-WeinsteinRoyal Centre of Defence Medicine, Edgbaston, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bias is the evaluation of something or someone that can be positive or negative, and implicit or unconscious bias is when the person is unaware of their evaluation. This is particularly relevant to policymaking during the coronavirus pandemic and racial inequality highlighted during the support for the Black Lives Matter movement. A literature review was performed to define bias, identify the impact of bias on clinical practice and research as well as clinical decision making (cognitive bias). Bias training could bridge the gap from the lack of awareness of bias to the ability to recognise bias in others and within ourselves. However, there are no effective debiasing strategies. Awareness of implicit bias must not deflect from wider socio-economic, political and structural barriers as well ignore explicit bias such as prejudice.

Indexed as

cognitive biasdiagnostic errorimplicit biasunconscious bias

Identifiers

PMID33791459
PMCPMC8004354

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.