ArticleCommunications biology2021
Evidence for continuity of interstitial spaces across tissue and organ boundaries in humans.
Article in Communications biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
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- What's the science behind acupuncture?Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The physiologic power of fluid circulation and implications for fluid therapy.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- The fascial-interstitial system and the sanjiao-mocou system: an analogy-based hypothesis for the anatomical basis of meridian pathways.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Physiology and Molecular Mechanisms of the "Third Fluid Space".Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Where does the fluid go?Annals of intensive care · 2025Review
- The Compartmental and Fibrillar Polyhedral Architecture of Fascia: An Assessment of Connective Tissue Anatomy Without Its Abstract Classifications.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Tracking free water in human body by magnetic resonance imaging: new insights on the network pathways.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- New Perspectives on the Organization of Living Tissue and the Ongoing Connective Tissue/Fascia Nomenclature Debate, as Revealed by Intra-Tissue Endoscopy That Provides Real-Time Images During Surgical Procedures.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- The Surgical Management of the Mesentery in Crohn's Disease.Clinics in colon and rectal surgery · 2025Review
- Fascia-derived stem cells enhance fat graft retention by promoting vascularization through the HMOX1-HIF-1α pathway.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Length and time scales bridge poroelasticity and tissue architecture.Journal of biosciences · 2025Article
- Mechanical signatures in cancer metastasis.npj biological physics and mechanics · 2025Review
- The "Culture" of Organs: A Holistic Theory on the Origins of the Cancer Tissue Environment.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Novel pH-Responsive Structural Rearrangement of Myristic Acid-Conjugated Quetiapine Nanosuspension for Enhanced Long-Acting Delivery Performance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Unselective Measurement of Tumor-to-Stroma Proportion in Colon Cancer at the Invasion Front-An Elusive Prognostic Factor: Original Patient Data and Review of the Literature.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bodies have continuous reticular networks, comprising collagens, elastin, glycosaminoglycans, and other extracellular matrix components, through all tissues and organs. Fibrous coverings of nerves and blood vessels create structural continuity beyond organ boundaries. We recently validated fluid flow through human fibrous tissues, though whether these interstitial spaces are continuous through the body or discontinuous, confined within individual organs, remains unclear. Here we show evidence for continuity of interstitial spaces using two approaches. Non-biological particles (tattoo pigment, colloidal silver) were tracked within colon and skin interstitial spaces and into adjacent fascia. Hyaluronic acid, a macromolecular component of interstitial spaces, was also visualized. Both techniques demonstrate interstitial continuity within and between organs including within perineurium and vascular adventitia traversing organs and the spaces between them. We suggest that there is a body-wide network of fluid-filled interstitial spaces that has significant implications for molecular signaling, cell trafficking, and the spread of malignant and infectious disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.