Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33790352›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Computational drug repurposing study elucidating simultaneous inhibition of entry and replication of novel corona virus by Grazoprevir.

Santosh Kumar Behera, Nazmina Vhora, Darshan Contractor, Amit Shard, Dinesh Kumar, Kiran Kalia, Alok Jain

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Molecular chameleons adaptability in target binding.Structural dynamics (Melville, N.Y.) · 2025
    Article
  2. InBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
  4. European journal of biology · 2023
    Article
  5. Article
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  8. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Santosh Kumar Behera *Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
Nazmina Vhora *Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
Darshan Contractor *Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
Amit ShardDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India. amit@niperahm.ac.in.
Dinesh KumarDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India. dkchem79@gmail.com.
Kiran KaliaDepartment of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India. kirankalia@gmail.com.
Alok JainDepartment of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India. alokjain16@gmail.com.
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Outcomes of various clinical studies for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment indicated that the drug acts via inhibition of multiple pathways (targets) is likely to be more successful and promising. Keeping this hypothesis intact, the present study describes for the first-time, Grazoprevir, an FDA approved anti-viral drug primarily approved for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), mediated multiple pathway control via synergistic inhibition of viral entry targeting host cell Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE-2)/transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and viral replication targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP). Molecular modeling followed by in-depth structural analysis clearly demonstrated that Grazoprevir interacts with the key residues of these targets. Futher, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations showed stability and burial of key residues after the complex formation. Finally, Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) analysis identified the governing force of drug-receptor interactions and stability. Thus, we believe that Grazoprevir could be an effective therapeutics for the treatment of the COVID-19 pandemic with a promise of unlikely drug resistance owing to multiple inhibitions of eukaryotic and viral proteins, thus warrants further clinical studies.

Indexed as

AmidesAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Antiviral AgentsCarbamatesCoronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA PolymeraseCyclopropanesDrug RepositioningHumansLactams, MacrocyclicModels, MolecularMolecular Dynamics SimulationQuinoxalinesSerine EndopeptidasesSulfonamidesVirus InternalizationACE2 protein, humanAmidesAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Antiviral AgentsCarbamatesCoronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA PolymeraseCyclopropanesgrazoprevirLactams, MacrocyclicNSP12 protein, SARS-CoV-2QuinoxalinesSerine EndopeptidasesSulfonamidesTMPRSS2 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID33790352
PMCPMC8012565
OpenAlexW3147425578

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.