Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33789754›Full record

ReviewAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2021

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries: a scattered picture.

Katia Iskandar, Laurent Molinier, Souheil Hallit, Massimo Sartelli, Timothy Craig Hardcastle, Mainul Haque, Halyna Lugova, Sameer Dhingra, Paras Sharma, Salequl Islam and 7 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 261 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
261citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

261 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  14. Assessment of the Prioritization of Diagnostics in National Action Plans for Antimicrobial Resistance.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
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201 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Katia IskandarDepartment of Mathématiques Informatique et Télécommunications, Université Toulouse III, Paul Sabatier, INSERM, UMR 1027, 31000, Toulouse, France. katia_iskandar@hotmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-5544-6681
Laurent MolinierFaculté de Médecine, Equipe constitutive du CERPOP, UMR1295, unité mixte INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 31000, Toulouse, France.
Souheil HallitINSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, 6573-14, Lebanon.
Massimo SartelliDepartment of Surgery, University of Macerata, 62100, Macerata, Italy.
Timothy Craig HardcastleDepartment of Trauma Service, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, 4091, South Africa.
Mainul HaqueUnit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000, Malaysia.
Halyna LugovaFaculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Sameer DhingraDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hajipur, Bihar, India.
Paras SharmaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, BVM College of Pharmacy, Gwalior, India.
Salequl IslamDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.
Irfan MohammedDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas School of Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, 96020-010, Brazil.
Isa Naina MohamedPharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Unit, Pharmacology Department, Medical Faculty, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Pierre Abi HannaFaculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Mount Lebanon, Lebanon.
Said El HajjDepartment of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Nurul Adilla Hayat JamaluddinPharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Unit, Pharmacology Department, Medical Faculty, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Pascale Salameh *INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, 6573-14, Lebanon.
Christine Roques *Department of Bactériologie-Hygiène, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital Purpan, 31330, Toulouse, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Data on comprehensive population-based surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is lacking. In low- and middle-income countries, the challenges are high due to weak laboratory capacity, poor health systems governance, lack of health information systems, and limited resources. Developing countries struggle with political and social dilemma, and bear a high health and economic burden of communicable diseases. Available data are fragmented and lack representativeness which limits their use to advice health policy makers and orientate the efficient allocation of funding and financial resources on programs to mitigate resistance. Low-quality data means soaring rates of antimicrobial resistance and the inability to track and map the spread of resistance, detect early outbreaks, and set national health policy to tackle resistance. Here, we review the barriers and limitations of conducting effective antimicrobial resistance surveillance, and we highlight multiple incremental approaches that may offer opportunities to strengthen population-based surveillance if tailored to the context of each country.

Indexed as

Developing CountriesDrug Resistance, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsCommunicable DiseasesHealth PolicyHumansPopulation SurveillanceAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntimicrobial resistanceLow- and Middle-Income countriesSurveillance

Identifiers

PMID33789754
PMCPMC8011122

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.