Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33789664›Full record

ArticleBMC surgery2021

Risk factors for lymph node metastasis in gastric neuroendocrine tumor: a retrospective study.

Xianghui Li, Lihua Shao, Xiaofeng Lu, Zhengyang Yang, Shichao Ai, Feng Sun, Meng Wang, Wenxian Guan, Song Liu

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Type 2 and type 3 gastric neuroendocrine tumors have high risk of lymph node metastasis: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xianghui Li *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan RD, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Lihua Shao *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan RD, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Xiaofeng Lu *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan RD, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Zhengyang YangDepartment of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
Shichao AiDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan RD, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Feng SunDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan RD, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Meng WangDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan RD, Nanjing, 210008, China. 5545840@qq.com.
Wenxian GuanDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan RD, Nanjing, 210008, China. guan_wenxian@sina.com.
Song LiuDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan RD, Nanjing, 210008, China. liusong@njglyy.com.
Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital · CNBeijing Friendship Hospital · CN

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 81602103Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province BK20200052
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLymph node metastasis (LNM) plays a vital role in the determination of clinical outcomes in patients with gastric neuroendocrine tumor (G-NET). Preoperative identification of LNM is helpful for intraoperative lymphadenectomy. This study aims to investigate risk factors for LNM in patients with G-NET.

methodsWe performed a retrospective study involving 37 patients in non-LNM group and 82 patients in LNM group. Data of demographics, preoperative lab results, clinical-pathological results, surgical management, and postoperative situation were compared between groups. Significant parameters were subsequently entered into logistic regression for further analysis.

resultsPatients in LNM group exhibited older age (p = 0.011), lower preoperative albumin (ALB) (p = 0.003), higher carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (p = 0.020), higher International normalized ratio (p = 0.034), longer thrombin time (p = 0.018), different tumor location (p = 0.005), higher chromogranin A positive rate (p = 0.045), and higher Ki-67 expression level (p = 0.002). Logistic regression revealed ALB (p = 0.043), CEA (p = 0.032), tumor location (p = 0.013) and Ki-67 (p = 0.041) were independent risk factors for LNM in G-NET patients.

conclusionsALB, CEA, tumor location, and Ki-67 expression level correlate with the risk of LNM in patients with G-NET.

Indexed as

Lymphatic MetastasisNeuroendocrine TumorsStomach NeoplasmsAgedHumansRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsGastric neuroendocrine tumorLymph node metastasisRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID33789664
PMCPMC8011070
OpenAlexW3146187139

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.