ArticleThe New England journal of medicine2021
Ebola Virus Transmission Initiated by Relapse of Systemic Ebola Virus Disease.
Erratum issuedOpen access · bronzeAbstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph
Article in The New England journal of medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 62 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improved VSV-Ebola-GP booster vaccination approach promotes antibody affinity maturation and durable anti-Ebola immunity in humans.Nature immunology · 2026Trial
- Vector-Induced Humoral Responses After rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Immunization Identify Vaccinated Individuals and Correlate With Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Antibodies.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus localization and shedding in the reproductive tract of lethal and survivor mouse models.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Host-virus determinants of Ebola virus persistence in a human cerebral organoid model.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Five Hot Topics in Tropical Medicine: 2025.Infectious disease reports · 2026Review
- Modeled Scenario Projections for the Ebola Disease Outbreak Caused by Bundibugyo Virus, 2026.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2026Article
- Five-year immunogenicity and safety follow-up of the PREVAC randomized Trial of Vaccines for Zaire Ebola Virus Disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Identification of a unique humoral immune signature of Sudan ebolavirus persistence in human survivors.Research square · 2026Article
- Characterization of atypical Ebola virus disease in ferrets.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Investigating the spatiotemporal links between the EVD outbreaks in Likati (2017) and Eastern DRC (2018-2020): a retrospective transdisciplinary study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Platelet-like particles released from Ebola virus-infected megakaryocytic cells behave like virus-like particles.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Characterization of Atypical Ebola Virus Disease in Ferrets.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Biological causes and impacts of rugged tree landscapes in phylodynamic inference.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Access to licenced vaccines for high-threat infectious diseases: a scoping review and interpretive analysis of Ebola virus disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Genetic and Molecular Determinants of Immunotherapy Response in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Viral RNA persistence and long-term consequences following acute infection with Risk Group 4 zoonotic viruses.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Challenges in managing ruptured ectopic pregnancy complicated by hemorrhagic shock in an Ebola treatment unit in DR Congo: first reported case.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- larch: mapping the parsimony-optimal landscape of trees for directed exploration.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Ebola virus VP35 NNLNS motif modulates viral RNA synthesis and MIB2-mediated signaling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Monotherapy with antibody 1C3 partially protects Ebola virus-exposed macaques.Journal of virology · 2025Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
50 authors at 11 institutions in 6 countries.
Placide Mbala-KingebeniFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Catherine PrattFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Mbusa Mutafali-RuffinFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Matthias G PauthnerFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Faustin BileFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Antoine Nkuba-NdayeFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Allison BlackFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Eddy Kinganda-LusamakiFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Martin FayeFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Amuri AzizaFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Moussa M DiagneFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Daniel MukadiFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Bailey WhiteFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
James HadfieldFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Karthik GangavarapuFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Nella BisentoFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Donatien KazadiFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Bibiche NsundaFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Marceline AkongaFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Olivier TshianiFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
John MisasiFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Aurelie PloquinFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Victor EpasoFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Emilia Sana-PakaFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Yannick Tutu Tshia N'kasarFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Fabrice MambuFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Francois EdidiFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Meris MatondoFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Junior Bula BulaFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Boubacar DialloFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Mory KeitaFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Marie R D BelizaireFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Ibrahima S FallFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Abdoulaye YamFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Sabue MulanguFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Anne W RimoinFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Elias SalfatiFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Ali TorkamaniFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Marc A SuchardFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Ian CrozierFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Lisa HensleyFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Andrew RambautFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Ousmane FayeFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Amadou SallFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Nancy J SullivanFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Trevor BedfordFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Kristian G AndersenFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Michael R WileyFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Steve Ahuka-MundekeFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
Jean-Jacques Muyembe TamfumFrom the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., E.K.-L., A.A., D.M., N.B., D.K., B.N., M.A., O.T., S.M, S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), the University of Kinshasa (P.M.-K., A.N.-N., F.M., F.E., M.M., J.B.B., S.A.-M., J.-J.M.T.), and Ministère de la Santé (F.B., V.E., E.S.-P., Y.T.T.N.) - all in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (C.P., B.W., M.R.W.); International Medical Corps (M.M.-R.) and the University of California, Los Angeles (A.W.R., M.A.S.), Los Angeles, and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla (M.G.P., K.G., E.S., A.T., K.G.A.) - all in California; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (A.B., J.H., T.B.); the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal (M.F., M.M.D., O.F., A.S.); the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (J.M., A.P., N.J.S.), and the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (I.C.), and the Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health (L.H.), Frederick - all in Maryland; the World Health Organization, Geneva (B.D., M.K., M.R.D.B., I.S.F., A.Y.); and the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (A.R.).
MACOM (United States) · USNational Institute of Biomedical Research · CDUniversity of Kinshasa · CDCancer Research Center · USInstitut Pasteur de Dakar · SNWorld Health Organization · CHNational Institutes of Health · USScripps Research Institute · USUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center · USInternational Medical Corps · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US
Funding
Technology CoreU19AI135995 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI Laura D. Hughes · 2018 to 2026
$32.0MScripps Translational Science InstituteUL1TR002550 · NCATS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI TOPOL, ERIC JEFFREY · 2018 to 2022
$28.9MWest African Emerging Infectious Disease Research Center (WA-EIDRC)U01AI151812 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI ANDERSEN, KRISTIAN GRAUGAARD, GARRY, ROBERT F · 2020 to 2024
$13.2MEbola VirologyZIAAI005081 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI MISASI, JOHN · 2009 to 2023
$12.1MReal-time tracking of virus evolution for vaccine strain selection and epidemiological investigationR35GM119774 · NIGMS · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI BEDFORD, TREVOR BC · 2016 to 2025
$4.1MFIC NIH HHS FOGX-19-90402-1Gates Foundation INV-003565Gates Foundation INV-004176NCI NIH HHS Contract# 75N91019D00024 Task Order No. 75N91019F0NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI151812NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI135995NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM119774NIH HHS 3U19AI135995NIH HHS GM119774-01NIH HHS U01AI151812NIH HHS U19AI135995NIH HHS UL1TR002550World Health Organization 001
Abstract
During the 2018-2020 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in North Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of Congo, EVD was diagnosed in a patient who had received the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine expressing a ZEBOV glycoprotein (rVSV-ZEBOV) (Merck). His treatment included an Ebola virus (EBOV)-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb114), and he recovered within 14 days. However, 6 months later, he presented again with severe EVD-like illness and EBOV viremia, and he died. We initiated epidemiologic and genomic investigations that showed that the patient had had a relapse of acute EVD that led to a transmission chain resulting in 91 cases across six health zones over 4 months. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and others.).
Indexed as
AdultBayes TheoremDemocratic Republic of the CongoEbola VaccinesEbolavirusFatal OutcomeGenome, ViralHemorrhagic Fever, EbolaHumansMaleMutationPhylogenyRecurrenceRNA, ViralEbola VaccinesRNA, Viral
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