ReviewInternational immunology2021
Bioelectronics in the brain-gut axis: focus on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Review in International immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Idiopathic achalasia: unraveling the etiology and pathogenesis of an inflammatory disease.Gastroenterology report · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune Interactions in Inflammatory Skin and Intestinal Diseases.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Causal effects of brain subregion gene expression on inflammatory bowel diseases revealed by Mendelian randomization and single cell analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Intestinal neuron-associated macrophages in health and disease.Nature immunology · 2025Review
- Bioelectronic medicine for restoring autonomic balance in autoimmune diseases.Gut microbiota and integrative wellness · 2023Article
- Neuronal regulation of the gut immune system and neuromodulation for treating inflammatory bowel disease.FASEB bioAdvances · 2021Review
- Trace Element Selenium Effectively Alleviates Intestinal Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Reduces Indomethacin-Induced Small Bowel Inflammation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that intestinal homeostasis is mediated by cross-talk between the nervous system, enteric neurons and immune cells, together forming specialized neuroimmune units at distinct anatomical locations within the gut. In this review, we will particularly discuss how the intrinsic and extrinsic neuronal circuitry regulates macrophage function and phenotype in the gut during homeostasis and aberrant inflammation, such as observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Furthermore, we will provide an overview of basic and translational IBD research using these neuronal circuits as a novel therapeutic tool. Finally, we will highlight the different challenges ahead to make bioelectronic neuromodulation a standard treatment for intestinal immune-mediated diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.