ArticleEuropean journal of immunology2021
Human myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion during sepsis is revealed by unsupervised clustering of flow cytometric data.
Article in European journal of immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Leukoerythroblastosis was associated with 90-day mortality in adult ICU patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Immune interplay between sepsis and haematological malignancies.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Review
- The Dual Role of Interleukin-10 in Sepsis: Research Progress and Therapeutic Prospects.Inflammation · 2026Review
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in sepsis: drivers of persistent immunosuppression and targets for precision immunotherapy.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Sepsis induces long-term reprogramming of human HSPCs and drives myeloid dysregulation in sepsis survivors.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2026Article
- Identification of immunosuppressive neutrophils using multi-omics: why functional testing remains key.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Parallel single-cell host immune profiling and pathogen genomic characterization inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Observational
- Elevated Spleen Tyrosine Kinase in Low-Density Neutrophils During Bacterial Sepsis in a Nonhuman Primate Model.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Human M-MDSCs impair neutrophil migration in the infectious microenvironment.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Article
- Rethinking post-sepsis syndrome: linking cellular dysfunction to the clinical picture.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Reassessing sepsis research: new clues for old players and new players for an old symptom to improve patient outcomes.EXCLI journal · 2025Review
- Sepsis subphenotypes: bridging the gaps in sepsis treatment strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Extramedullary hematopoiesis in cancer.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- The immune landscape of sepsis and using immune clusters for identifying sepsis endotypes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The post-septic peripheral myeloid compartment reveals unexpected diversity in myeloid-derived suppressor cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- High levels of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells are associated with favorable outcome in patients with pneumonia and sepsis with multi-organ failure.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2022Article
- Advances in Immune Monitoring Approaches for Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Integrated machine learning approaches for flow cytometric quantification of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in acute sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Polymorphonuclear Cells Show Features of Dysfunctional Activation During Fatal Sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are important regulators of immune processes during sepsis in mice. However, confirming these observations in humans has been challenging due to the lack of defined preparation protocols and phenotyping schemes for MDSC subsets. Thus, it remains unclear how MDSCs are involved in acute sepsis and whether they have a role in the long-term complications seen in survivors. Here, we combined comprehensive flow cytometry phenotyping with unsupervised clustering using self-organizing maps to identify the three recently defined human MDSC subsets in blood from severe sepsis patients, long-term sepsis survivors, and age-matched controls. We demonstrated the expansion of monocytic M-MDSCs and polymorphonuclear PMN-MDSCs, but not early-stage (e)-MDSCs during acute sepsis. High levels of PMN-MDSCs were also present in long-term survivors many months after discharge, suggesting a possible role in sepsis-related complications. Altogether, by employing unsupervised clustering of flow cytometric data we have confirmed the likely involvement of human MDSC subsets in acute sepsis, and revealed their expansion in sepsis survivors at late time points. The application of this strategy in future studies and in the clinical/diagnostic context would enable rapid progress toward a full understanding of the roles of MDSC in sepsis and other inflammatory conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.