ArticleAdvances in experimental medicine and biology2021
Cytokines, Chemokines, and Inflammation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Article in Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel traditional Chinese medicine compound alleviates broiler ascites syndrome by modulating the IL-6/STAT3/FOXO3a signaling pathway.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Paradigm shift: from pulmonary vasodilation to cardiopulmonary dual-track therapy-a comprehensive review of pathophysiology and advances in pulmonary hypertension-associated right heart failure.Respiratory research · 2026Review
- Skeletal muscle atrophy in pulmonary arterial hypertension: potential mechanisms and effects of physical exercise.Heart failure reviews · 2025Review
- Chinese Herbal Medicine in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Treatment: Mechanisms, Progress, and Future Directions.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- Identification of a PANoptosis-related gene signature reveals therapeutic potential of SFRP2 in pulmonary arterial hypertension.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Editorial: Immunity and pulmonary vascular diseases: challenges, advances and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Lymphocyte Involvement in the Pathology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Lung EC-SOD Overexpression Prevents Hypoxia-Induced Platelet Activation and Lung Platelet Accumulation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Role and Mechanism of Vascular Aging in Geriatric Vascular Diseases.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Down syndrome and postoperative hemodynamics in patients undergoing surgery for congenital cardiac communications.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Identification of Serum Interleukin-22 as Novel Biomarker in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Translational Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Prognostic Potential of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Hematologic Malignancy.Advances in therapy · 2023Article
- Quantitative Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Profiling of Lung Tissues from Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Rat Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Natural Products for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension: Mechanism, Progress, and Future Opportunities.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Review
- Weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveals the hub genes associated with pulmonary hypertension.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Identification of biomarkers related to copper metabolism in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Inflammation and immunity in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Partial Synthetic PPARƳ Derivative Ameliorates Aorta Injury in Experimental Diabetic Rats Mediated by Activation of miR-126-5p Pi3k/AKT/PDK 1/mTOR Expression.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Dapagliflozin, sildenafil and their combination in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- Regulatory T Cell-Related Gene Indicators in Pulmonary Hypertension.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
According to the World Symposium Pulmonary Hypertension (WSPH) classification, pulmonary hypertension (PH) is classified into five categories based on etiology. Among them, Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) disorders are rare but progressive and often, fatal despite multiple approved treatments. Elevated pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with WSPH Group 1 PAH is mainly caused by increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), due primarily to sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and excessive obliterative pulmonary vascular remodeling. Growing evidence indicates that inflammation plays a critical role in the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with PAH. While the role of auto-immunity is unclear, infiltration of inflammatory cells in and around vascular lesions, including T- and B-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells have been observed in PAH patients. Serum and plasma levels of chemokines, cytokines, and autoantibodies are also increased in PAH patients; some of these circulating molecules are correlated with disease severity and survival. Preclinical experiments have reported a key role of the inflammation in PAH pathophysiology in vivo. Importantly, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents have further exhibited therapeutic effects. The present chapter reviews published experimental and clinical evidence highlighting the canonical role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of PAH and as a major target for the development of anti-inflammatory therapies in patients with PAH.
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